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Volume 16, Number 16, Issue of August 15, 1996 pp. 4994-5003
Copyright ©1996 Society for Neuroscience

Neural Influence on Protein Kinase C Isoform Expression in Skeletal Muscle

Received March 5, 1996; revised May 29, 1996; accepted May 30, 1996.

Lutz Hilgenberg, Simone Yearwood, Stuart Milstein, and Kathryn Miles

Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, The State University of New York Health Science Center at Brooklyn, Brooklyn, New York 11203

Protein kinase C (PKC) is a family of enzymes involved in synapse formation and signal transduction at the neuromuscular junction. Two PKC isoforms, classical PKC  and novel PKC , have been shown to be enriched in skeletal muscle or localized to the endplate. We examined the role of nerve in regulating the expression of these PKC isoforms in rat skeletal muscle by denervating diaphragm muscle and measuring PKC protein expression at various postoperative times. nPKC  protein levels decreased 65% after denervation, whereas cPKC  levels increased 80% compared with control hemidiaphragms. These results suggest that innervation regulates PKC  and  isoform expression in skeletal muscle. To explore further how nerve regulates PKC expression, we characterized PKC isoform expression in rat myotubes deprived of neural input. Myoblast expression of nPKC  was low, and the increase in nPKC  expression that occurred during differentiation into myotubes resulted in levels of nPKC  significantly below adult skeletal muscle. cPKC  expression in myoblasts increased during differentiation to levels that exceeded expression in adult skeletal muscle. Coculturing myotubes with a neuroblastoma X glioma hybrid clonal cell line (NG108-15) increased nPKC  expression, but not cPKC , suggesting that nPKC  in skeletal muscle and myotubes is regulated by nerve contact or by a factor(s) provided by nerve. Treating myotubes with tetrodotoxin did not affect either basal- or NG108-15 cell-stimulated nPKC  expression. Together these results suggest that expression of nPKC  in skeletal muscle is regulated by a transynaptic interaction with nerve that specifically influences nPKC  expression.

Key words: protein kinase C; cPKC ; nPKC ; neuromuscular junction; NG108-15 cells; denervation

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