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Next Article 
Volume 16, Number 17,
Issue of September 1, 1996
pp. 5281-5289
Copyright ©1996 Society for Neuroscience
Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone and NMDA Receptor Gene Expression
and Colocalization Change during Puberty in Female Rats
Received March 21, 1996; revised June 3, 1996; accepted June 4, 1996.
Andrea C. Gore,
T. J. Wu,
Jacob J. Rosenberg, and
James L. Roberts
Fishberg Research Center for Neurobiology, Mount Sinai Medical
Center, New York, New York 10029
During development, an increase in gonadotropin-releasing hormone
(GnRH) release occurs that is critical for the initiation of puberty.
This increase is attributable, at least in part, to activation of the
GnRH neurosecretory system by inputs from neurotransmitters, such as
glutamate, acting via NMDA receptors. We examined changes in GnRH and
NMDA-R1 gene expression by RNase protection assay of preoptic
area-anterior hypothalamic (POA-AH) dissections of female rats
undergoing normal puberty or in which precocious puberty was induced by
treatment with the glutamate agonist NMA. GnRH mRNA levels increased
significantly throughout normal development; this was accelerated by
treatment with NMA. NMDA-R1 mRNA levels increased only between P10 and
P20. The acceleration of the elevation in GnRH mRNA levels by NMDA
suggests that a stimulation of GnRH gene expression may be a
rate-limiting factor for the onset of puberty. This is attributable to
a post-transcriptional mechanism because GnRH primary transcript
levels, an index of proGnRH gene transcription, were not observed to
change during puberty. Alterations in the colocalization of GnRH
neurons with the NMDA-R1 subunit during puberty also were assessed
immunocytochemically. The percentage of GnRH neurons that
double-labeled with NMDA-R1 was 2% in prepubertal rats and 3% in
pubertal rats; this increased to 19% in postpubertal rats. Taken
together, these studies suggest that an increase in glutamatergic input
to GnRH neurons plays a role in the increase in GnRH release and gene
expression that occurs at the initiation of puberty.
Key words:
NMDA;
puberty;
GnRH;
rat;
RNase protection assay;
immunocytochemistry
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