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Volume 16, Number 17,
Issue of September 1, 1996
pp. 5510-5522
Copyright ©1996 Society for Neuroscience
Anatomical Demonstration of Ocular Dominance Columns in Striate
Cortex of the Squirrel Monkey
Received April 22, 1996; revised May 30, 1996; accepted June 4, 1996.
Jonathan C. Horton and
Davina R. Hocking
Beckman Vision Center, University of California at San Francisco,
San Francisco, California 94143-0730
The squirrel monkey is the only primate reported to lack ocular
dominance columns. Nothing anomalous about the visual capacity of
squirrel monkeys has been found to explain their missing columns,
leading to the suggestion that ocular dominance columns might be ``an
epiphenomenon, not serving any purpose'' ().
Puzzled by the apparent lack of ocular dominance columns in squirrel
monkeys, we made eye injections with transneuronal tracers in four
normal squirrel monkeys. An irregular mosaic of columns, averaging 225 µm in width, was found throughout striate cortex. They were
double-labeled by placing wheat germ agglutinin-horseradish peroxidase
into the left eye and [3H]proline into the right eye. The
tracers labeled opposite sets of interdigitating columns, proving they
represent ocular dominance columns. The columns were much clearer in
layer IVc (magno-receiving) than IVc (parvo-receiving). In the
lateral geniculate body, the parvo laminae showed extensive mixing of
ocular inputs, suggesting that increased label spillover contributes to
the blurred columns in layer IVc. The cytochrome oxidase (CO)
patches were organized into distinct rows, but they bore no consistent
relationship to the ocular dominance columns. These experiments
indicate that ocular dominance columns are less well segregated in
squirrel monkeys than macaques, but they are present. This fact is
pertinent to a recent study reporting that ocular dominance columns are
absent in normal squirrel monkeys, but induced to form by strabismus
().
Key words:
ocular dominance columns;
squirrel monkey;
striate
cortex;
cytochrome oxidase patches;
strabismus;
stereopsis
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