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Volume 16, Number 18, Issue of September 15, 1996 pp. 5698-5703
Copyright ©1996 Society for Neuroscience

Reinnervation Accuracy of the Rat Femoral Nerve by Motor and Sensory Neurons

Received May 9, 1996; revised June 14, 1996; accepted June 24, 1996.

Roger D. Madison^{1, 2, 3}, Simon J. Archibald¹, and Thomas M. Brushart^{4, 5}

¹ Division of Neurosurgery and ² Department of Neurobiology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina 27710, ³ Research Service of the Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina 27705, ⁴ Departments of Orthopedics and Neurology, The Johns Hopkins Hospital, Baltimore, Maryland 21205, and ⁵ The Raymond M. Curtis Hand Center, Baltimore, Maryland 21218

Previous studies in the rat femoral nerve have shown that regenerating motor neurons preferentially reinnervate a terminal nerve branch to muscle as opposed to skin, a process that has been called preferential motor reinnervation. However, the ability of sensory afferent neurons to accurately reinnervate terminal nerve pathways has been controversial. Within the dorsal root ganglia, sensory neurons projecting to muscle are interspersed with sensory neurons projecting to skin. Thus, anatomical studies assessing the accuracy of sensory neuron regeneration have been hampered by the inability to reliably determine their original innervation status. A sensory neuron that regenerated an axon into a terminal nerve branch to muscle might represent either an appropriate return of an original sensory afferent to muscle stretch receptors or the inappropriate recruitment of a cutaneous sensory afferent that originally innervated skin. The current experiments used a labeling strategy that effectively labels motor and sensory neurons projecting to a terminal nerve branch before experimental manipulation of the parent mixed nerve. Our results confirm previous observations concerning preferential motor reinnervation for motor neurons, and show for the first time anatomical evidence of specificity during regeneration of sensory afferent projections to muscle. In addition, the accuracy of sensory afferent regeneration was highly correlated with the accuracy of motor regeneration. This suggests that these two distinct neuronal populations that project to muscle respond in parallel to specific guidance factors during the regeneration process.

Key words: PNS; axonal regeneration accuracy; preferential motor reinnervation; rat femoral nerve; pathway guidance; axon growth

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