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Volume 16, Number 18, Issue of September 15, 1996 pp. 5830-5843
Copyright ©1996 Society for Neuroscience

Cellular Organization of an Antennal Mechanosensory Pathway in the Cockroach, Periplaneta americana

Received Feb. 21, 1996; revised June 21, 1996; accepted June 25, 1996.

John A. Burdohan and Christopher M. Comer

Neuroscience Group, Department of Biological Sciences, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60607

Escape responses of cockroaches, Periplaneta americana, can be triggered by wind and mediated by a group of ``giant interneurons'' that ascend from cercal mechanoreceptors to motor centers. Recently it has been observed that escape also can be triggered by tactile stimulation of the antennae, and it is then independent of the giant interneurons. Here we identify a descending antennal mechanosensory pathway that may account for escape. Cobalt backfills demonstrated that a limited number of cells in the head ganglia have axons that project through all three thoracic ganglia. Comparison with known wind-sensory pathways indicated that wind is not a reliable stimulus for activating descending antennal pathways. However, direct touch stimulation of an antenna reliably evoked short-latency responses in cells with axons in the cervical connectives. Intracellular recording and dye injection revealed members of this pathway, referred to as descending mechanosensory interneurons (DMIs). The two axons of largest diameter in the cervical connectives were found to belong to DMIs, and these large-caliber interneurons were studied in detail. One had a soma in the supraesophageal ganglion, and the other in the subesophageal ganglion. Both had extensive neuritic arborizations at the same level as the soma and axonal arbors in all three thoracic ganglia. Each of these DMIs exhibited short-latency responses to small antennal movements, demonstrated a degree of directional sensitivity, and rapidly conducted impulses to thoracic levels. These cells have properties suggesting that they play a role in a short-latency behavior such as touch-evoked escape.

Key words: antennae; cockroach, escape behavior; interneurons; sensory coding; touch

This article has been cited by other articles:

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