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Volume 16, Number 19, Issue of October 1, 1996 pp. 5986-5992
Copyright ©1996 Society for Neuroscience

₂-Adrenergic Agonists Induce Basic Fibroblast Growth Factor Expression in Photoreceptors In Vivo and Ameliorate Light Damage

Received March 1, 1996; revised June 14, 1996; accepted July 15, 1996.

Rong Wen^{1, 2}, Tong Cheng^{3, 4}, Yiwen Li⁵, Wei Cao^{3, 4}, and Roy H. Steinberg^{3, 4}

Departments of ¹ Ophthalmology and ² Cell and Developmental Biology, School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, and Departments of ³ Physiology, ⁴ Ophthalmology, and ⁵ Neurology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California 94143

We observed an induction of basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) mRNA in the rat retina after systemic administration of the ₂-adrenergic agonists xylazine and clonidine. A single injection of xylazine or clonidine transiently increased bFGF mRNA. Preinjection of yohimbine, an ₂-adrenergic antagonist, completely inhibited this increase. Higher dosage of yohimbine inhibited the baseline expression of bFGF. Of particular interest is the finding that the induced bFGF expression occurred almost exclusively in the inner segment region of photoreceptors. No increase in bFGF mRNA was found in the brain after either xylazine or clonidine injection. Xylazine or clonidine given systemically before and during constant light exposure also reduces photoreceptor degeneration in albino rats. These results indicate that regulation of bFGF expression in photoreceptors is unique in the CNS and suggest that endogenous bFGF promotes photoreceptor survival.

Key words: ₂-adrenergic receptors; xylazine; clonidine; bFGF; retina; photoreceptors; degeneration; brain; rat

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