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Volume 16, Number 19,
Issue of October 1, 1996
pp. 6208-6218
Copyright ©1996 Society for Neuroscience
TrkA, But Not TrkC, Receptors Are Essential for Survival of
Sympathetic Neurons In Vivo
Received April 22, 1996; revised July 16, 1996; accepted July 18, 1996.
Anne M. Fagan1,
Hong Zhang2,
Story Landis2,
Richard J. Smeyne1,
Inmaculada Silos-Santiago1, and
Mariano Barbacid1
1 Department of Molecular Oncology, Bristol-Myers
Squibb Pharmaceutical Research Institute, Princeton, New Jersey 08543, and 2 Department of Neuroscience, Case Western Reserve
University, Cleveland, Ohio 44195
Neurotrophins and their signaling receptors, the Trk family of
protein tyrosine kinases, play a major role in the development of the
mammalian nervous system. To determine the precise stages that require
Trk receptor signaling during development of the sympathetic system, we
have analyzed the superior cervical ganglion (SCG) of embryonic and
postnatal mice defective for each of the known Trk receptors.
Transcripts encoding TrkC are detected in early sympathetic
development, before the coalescence of the SCG. trkA
expression appears at E13.5, becoming robust from E15.5 onward. In
contrast, trkC expression decreases significantly after
E15.5 and remains detectable only in a small subpopulation of cells. No
significant trkB expression could be detected in the SCG
at any developmental stage. Ablation of TrkA receptors does not affect
neurogenesis, expression of neuronal markers, or initial axonal growth.
However, these receptors are absolutely necessary for the survival of
sympathetic neurons after E15.5 and for proper innervation of their
distal targets. In contrast, mice defective for either TrkC or TrkB
tyrosine kinase receptors do not display detectable defects in their
SCGs. These results illustrate the differential roles of the Trk family
of receptors during SCG development and define a critical role for TrkA
signaling in the survival, but not differentiation, of SCG neurons.
Moreover, these observations raise the possibility that at least some
SCG neurons become neurotrophin-dependent before complete target
innervation.
Key words:
Trk receptors;
neurotrophins;
superior
cervical ganglion;
sympathetic neurons;
neuronal survival;
knockout
mice
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