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 Previous Article
Volume 16, Number 19,
Issue of October 1, 1996
pp. 6319-6329
Copyright ©1996 Society for Neuroscience
Activation of Locus Coeruleus Enhances the Responses of Olfactory
Bulb Mitral Cells to Weak Olfactory Nerve Input
Received June 6, 1996; revised July 11, 1996; accepted July 18, 1996.
Maorong Jiang1,
Edwin
R. Griff2,
Matthew Ennis3,
Lee A. Zimmer3, and
Michael T. Shipley3
1 Department of Cell Biology, Neurobiology and Anatomy,
University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio 45267, 2 Department of Biological Sciences, University of
Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio 45221-0006, and 3 Department
of Anatomy, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore,
Maryland 21201
The main olfactory bulb (MOB) receives a dense projection from the
pontine nucleus locus coeruleus (LC), the largest collection of
norepinephrine (NE)-containing cells in the brain. LC is the sole
source of NE innervation of MOB. Previous studies of the actions of
exogenously applied NE on mitral cells, the principal output neurons of
MOB, are contradictory. The effect of synaptically released NE on
mitral cell activity is not known, nor is the influence of NE on
responses of mitral cells to olfactory nerve inputs. The goal of the
present study was to assess the influence of LC activation on
spontaneous and olfactory nerve-evoked activity of mitral cells.
In methoxyflurane-anesthetized rats, intracoerulear microinfusions of
acetylcholine (ACh) (200 mM; 90-120 nl) evoked a four- to
fivefold increase in LC neuronal discharge, and a transient EEG
desynchronization and decrease in mitral cell discharge. LC activation
increased excitatory responses of mitral cells evoked by weak (i.e.,
perithreshold) nasal epithelium shocks (1.0 Hz) in 17/18 cells (mean
increase = 67%). The discharge rate of mitral cells at the time
that epithelium-evoked responses were increased did not differ
significantly from pre-LC activation baseline values. Thus, changes in
mitral baseline activity do not account for the increased response to
epithelium stimulation. These findings suggest that increased activity
in LC-NE projections to MOB may enhance detection of relatively weak
odors.
Key words:
sensory synapse;
olfaction;
odor;
olfactory bulb;
nasal epithelium;
locus coeruleus;
norepinephrine;
monoamine
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