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Journal of Neuroscience, Vol 16, 675-687, Copyright © 1996 by Society for Neuroscience
Brain-derived neurotrophic factor promotes the differentiation of various hippocampal nonpyramidal neurons, including Cajal-Retzius cells, in organotypic slice cultures
S Marty, P Carroll, A Cellerino, E Castren, V Staiger, H Thoenen and D Lindholm
Department of Neurochemistry, Max Planck Institute for Psychiatry, Martinsried, Germany.
Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) is widely expressed in the central
nervous system, where its function is poorly understood. The aim of this
study was to investigate the effects of BDNF on the differentiation of
hippocampal nonpyramidal neurons using organotypic slice cultures prepared
from postnatal rats. The application of BDNF induced an increase in
immunostaining for the microtubule-associated protein (MAP)-2 in
non-pyramidal neurons of the stratum oriens. BDNF promotes the elongation
of the dendrites of these neurons, as demonstrated by analysis after
biocytin labeling. Calbindin-D- and calretinin-containing subgroups of
nonpyramidal cells in the stratum oriens were responsive to BDNF but not to
nerve growth factor, as shown by an increase in the number of neurons
immunostained for these proteins. BDNF also induced an increase in
neuropeptide Y immunostaining of stratum oriens neurons. In contrast, BDNF
had no effect on parvalbumin immunostaining, despite the fact that these
cells express the BDNF receptor trkB. In addition, BDNF increased
calretinin immunoreactivity in Cajal-Retzius cells situated around the
hippocampal fissure. The Cajal-Retzius neurons persisted in slices beyond
the time at which they degenerate in vivo. However, BDNF is not required
for the survival of these cells, because they also persisted in slices from
BDNF knock-out mice. The present results indicate that BDNF exerts an
effect on the morphology of stratum oriens nonpyramidal cells and their
calcium-binding protein levels. BDNF also regulates the calretinin content
of Cajal-Retzius cells but is not necessary for their survival.
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