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Journal of Neuroscience, Vol 16, 823-835, Copyright © 1996 by Society for Neuroscience
Binding of hippocampal CA1 neural activity to multiple reference frames in a landmark-based navigation task
KM Gothard, WE Skaggs, KM Moore and BL McNaughton
Arizona Research Laboratory, Division of Neural Systems, Memory and Aging, University of Arizona, Tucson 85724, USA.
The behavioral correlates of rat hippocampal CA1 cells were examined in a
spatial navigation task in which two cylindrical landmarks predicted the
location of food. The landmarks were maintained at a constant distance from
each other but were moved from trial to trial within a large arena
surrounded by static background cues. On each trial, the rats were released
from a box to which they returned for additional food after locating the
goal. The box also was located variably from trial to trial and was moved
to a new location while the animals were searching for the goal site. The
discharge characteristics of multiple, simultaneously recorded cells were
examined with respect to the landmarks, the static background cues, and the
box in which each trial started and ended. Three clear categories of cells
were observed: (1) cells with location-specific firing (place cells); (2)
goal/landmark- related cells that fired in the vicinity of the goal or
landmarks, regardless of their location in the arena; and (3) box-related
cells that fired either when the rat was in the box or as it was leaving or
entering the box, regardless of its location in the arena. Disjunctive
cells with separate firing fields in more than one reference frame also
were observed. These results suggest that in this task a subpopulation of
hippocampal cells encodes location in the fixed spatial frame, whereas
other subpopulations encode location with respect to different reference
frames associated with the task-relevant, mobile objects.
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