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Volume 16, Number 20,
Issue of October 15, 1996
pp. 6454-6462
Copyright ©1996 Society for Neuroscience
Sensory Organ Generation in the Chick Inner Ear
Received April 26, 1996; revised July 24, 1996; accepted July 29, 1996.
Doris K. Wu and
Seung-Ha Oh
National Institute on Deafness and Other Communication Disorders,
Rockville, Maryland 20850
There are a total of eight sensory organs in the chick inner ear.
Each sensory organ has a distinct structure tailored for its function,
and its morphology is well characterized. However, the origin of these
sensory organs and the lineage relationships among them are largely
unknown. In this report, we show that BMP4 (bone morphogenetic
protein), a secreted protein of the TGF- gene family, is the
earliest sensory marker identified to date for the chick inner ear. In
addition to BMP4, we show that Msx-1 is a sensory marker for the three
cristae, the lagena, and macula neglecta. P75NGFR (nerve growth factor
receptor) is a marker for the three cristae only. Based on the
expression pattern of these three genes BMP4, Msx-1, and p75NGFR it
is estimated that the first sensory organs to be generated were the
superior and posterior cristae at stage 19, followed by the macula
sacculi at stage 20, the lateral crista at stage 22, the basilar
papilla and lagena at stage 23, the macula utriculi at stage 24, and
the macula neglecta at stage 29. The age of generation of each sensory
organ as defined by the first appearance of these molecular markers is
well in advance of the histological differentiation. In addition, the
differential gene expressions in each presumptive sensory organ may
contribute to the distinct structure of the mature organ.
Key words:
inner ear development;
Msx-1;
p75NGFR;
BMP4;
placode-derived;
sensory organ
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