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Volume 16, Number 22,
Issue of November 15, 1996
pp. 7376-7389
Copyright ©1996 Society for Neuroscience
Contextual Modulation in Primary Visual Cortex
Received Oct. 16, 1995; revised Aug. 28, 1996; accepted Sept. 3, 1996.
Karl Zipser1,
Victor A. F. Lamme2, and
Peter H. Schiller1
1 The Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences,
Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, and 2 Graduate School of Neurosciences, Department of
Medical Physics, AMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The
Netherlands, and The Netherlands Ophthalmic Research Institute, 1100 AC
Amsterdam, The Netherlands
We studied extra-receptive field contextual modulation in area V1
of awake, behaving macaque monkeys. Contextual modulation was studied
using texture displays in which texture covering the receptive field
(RF) was the same in all trials, but the perceptual context of this
texture could vary depending on the configuration of extra-RF texture
elements. We found robust contextual modulation when disparity, color,
luminance, and orientation cues variously defined a textured figure
centered on the RF of V1 neurons. We found contextual modulation to
have a spatial extent of ~8 to 10° diameter parafoveally.
Contextual modulation correlated with perceptual experience of both
binocularly rivalrous texture displays and of displays with a simple
example of surface occlusion. We found contextual modulation in V1 to
have a characteristic latency of 80-100 msec after stimulus onset,
potentially allowing feedback from extrastriate areas to underlie to
this effect.
Key words:
figure-ground segregation;
surface perception;
primary
visual cortex;
awake macaque monkey;
single-unit activity;
texture;
visual perception;
context modulation;
nonclassical receptive field
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