Contextual Modulation in Primary Visual Cortex

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Volume 16, Number 22, Issue of November 15, 1996 pp. 7376-7389
Copyright ©1996 Society for Neuroscience

Contextual Modulation in Primary Visual Cortex

Received Oct. 16, 1995; revised Aug. 28, 1996; accepted Sept. 3, 1996.
Karl Zipser¹, Victor A. F. Lamme², and Peter H. Schiller¹
¹ The Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, and ² Graduate School of Neurosciences, Department of Medical Physics, AMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, and The Netherlands Ophthalmic Research Institute, 1100 AC Amsterdam, The Netherlands
We studied extra-receptive field contextual modulation in area V1 of awake, behaving macaque monkeys. Contextual modulation was studied using texture displays in which texture covering the receptive field (RF) was the same in all trials, but the perceptual context of this texture could vary depending on the configuration of extra-RF texture elements. We found robust contextual modulation when disparity, color, luminance, and orientation cues variously defined a textured figure centered on the RF of V1 neurons. We found contextual modulation to have a spatial extent of ~8 to 10° diameter parafoveally. Contextual modulation correlated with perceptual experience of both binocularly rivalrous texture displays and of displays with a simple example of surface occlusion. We found contextual modulation in V1 to have a characteristic latency of 80-100 msec after stimulus onset, potentially allowing feedback from extrastriate areas to underlie to this effect.

Key words: figure-ground segregation; surface perception; primary visual cortex; awake macaque monkey; single-unit activity; texture; visual perception; context modulation; nonclassical receptive field

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