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 Previous Article
Volume 16, Number 23,
Issue of December 1, 1996
pp. 7791-7802
Copyright ©1996 Society for Neuroscience
Behavioral Analysis of Signals that Guide Learned Changes in the
Amplitude and Dynamics of the Vestibulo-Ocular Reflex
Received March 25, 1996; revised Sept. 16, 1996; accepted Sept. 19, 1996.
Jennifer L. Raymond and
Stephen G. Lisberger
Department of Physiology, W. M. Keck Foundation Center for
Integrative Neuroscience, and Neuroscience Graduate Program, University
of California, San Francisco, California 94143
We characterized the dependence of motor learning in the monkey
vestibulo-ocular reflex (VOR) on the duration, frequency, and relative
timing of the visual and vestibular stimuli used to induce learning.
The amplitude of the VOR was decreased or increased through training
with paired head and visual stimulus motion in the same or opposite
directions, respectively. For training stimuli that consisted of
simultaneous pulses of head and target velocity 80-1000 msec in
duration, brief stimuli caused small changes in the amplitude of the
VOR, whereas long stimuli caused larger changes in amplitude as well as
changes in the dynamics of the reflex. When the relative timing of the
visual and vestibular stimuli was varied, brief image motion paired
with the beginning of a longer vestibular stimulus caused changes in
the amplitude of the reflex alone, but the same image motion paired
with a later time in the vestibular stimulus caused changes in the
dynamics as well as the amplitude of the VOR. For training stimuli that consisted of sinusoidal head and visual stimulus motion, low-frequency training stimuli induced frequency-selective changes in the VOR, as
reported previously, whereas high-frequency training stimuli induced
changes in the amplitude of the VOR that were more similar across test
frequency. The results suggest that there are at least two
distinguishable components of motor learning in the VOR. One component
is induced by short-duration or high-frequency stimuli and involves
changes in only the amplitude of the reflex. A second component is
induced by long-duration or low-frequency stimuli and involves changes
in the amplitude and dynamics of the VOR.
Key words:
motor learning;
vestibulo-ocular reflex;
dynamics;
timing;
eye movements;
monkeys;
oculomotor
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