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Volume 16, Number 24, Issue of December 15, 1996 pp. 8041-8056
Copyright ©1996 Society for Neuroscience

Synaptic Inputs to ON Parasol Ganglion Cells in the Primate Retina

Received Aug. 5, 1996; revised Sept. 23, 1996; accepted Sept. 27, 1996.

Roy Jacoby, Donna Stafford, Nobuo Kouyama, and David Marshak

Department of Neurobiology and Anatomy, The University of Texas Medical School, Houston, Texas 77225

In primates, the retinal ganglion cells that project to the magnocellular layers of the lateral geniculate nucleus have distinctive responses to light, and one of these has been identified morphologically as the parasol ganglion cell. To investigate their synaptic connections, we injected parasol cells with Neurobiotin in lightly fixed baboon retinas. The five ON-center cells we analyzed by electron microscopy received ~20% of their input from bipolar cells. The major synaptic input to parasol cells was from amacrine cells via conventional synapses and, in this respect, they resembled  ganglion cells of the cat retina. We also found the gap junctions between amacrine cells and parasol ganglion cells that had been predicted from tracer-coupling experiments. To identify the presynaptic amacrine cells, ON-center parasol cells were injected with Neurobiotin and Lucifer yellow in living macaque retinas, which were then fixed and labeled by immunofluorescence. Two kinds of amacrine cells were filled with Neurobiotin via gap junctions: a large, polyaxonal cell containing cholecystokinin and a smaller one without cholecystokinin. There were also appositions between cholecystokinin-containing amacrine cell processes and parasol cell dendrites. Cholinergic amacrine cell processes often followed parasol cell dendrites and made extensive contacts. In other mammals, the light responses of polyaxonal amacrine cells like these and cholinergic amacrine cells have been recorded, and the effects of acetylcholine and cholecystokinin on ganglion cells are known. Using this information, we developed a model of parasol cells that accounts for some properties of their light responses.

Key words: monkey; amacrine cell; bipolar cell; gap junction; cholecystokinin; acetylcholine

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