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Journal of Neuroscience, Vol 16, 1400-1411, Copyright © 1996 by Society for Neuroscience
Cortical plaque-like structures identify ribosome-containing domains in the Mauthner cell axon
E Koenig and R Martin
Department of Physiology, University at Buffalo School of Medicine, New York 14214, USA.
The hypothesis that ribosomes are present, but may have a restricted
distribution, in the Mauthner (M) axon was evaluated in isolated M-cell
axoplasm after (1) staining with YOYO-1 and (2) inspection by electron
spectroscopic imaging (ESI) of ribosomal RNA (rRNA) phosphorus (P).
Discrete periaxoplasmic plaques, identified by their ribonuclease-
sensitive fluorescence, were located circumferentially at the surface
boundary of isolated axoplasm and distributed longitudinally at random
intervals. Conditions that destabilized plaques, and surface blotting of
plaques onto a coverslip, revealed that fluorescent puncta were probably a
significant source of plaque fluorescence. Fluorescent puncta were also
distributed in a delimited volume of axoplasm, subjacent to the plaque. The
notably higher density of F-actin in the latter region suggested that the
actin cytoskeleton may govern the spatial distribution of puncta in
subcortical axoplasm. Some fluorescent plaques were superficial to the
cortical F-actin layer, whereas others formed inclusions within the F-actin
layer; however, plaques did not appear to contain F-actin. Periaxoplasmic
plaques were also identified in ordinary myelinated axons. ESI, in which
rRNA emits bright signals in the phosphorus (P) spectral line against a
low- contrast background, showed that isolated axoplasm contained
characteristic 25 nm P signals, which were associated or in direct contact
with a pleiomorphic structural matrix, located at the surface boundary.
Polyribosomal P signals were also distributed in peripheral axoplasm below
the matrix. The concept of a distinct polyribosome- populated domain,
distributed intermittently in the cortical zone of the axon is described.
This domain is spatially defined by a plaque- like periaxoplasmic
structural matrix, and a confluent volume of subcortical axoplasm
integrated through an actin cytoskeleton.
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