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Journal of Neuroscience, Vol 16, 1990-2001, Copyright © 1996 by Society for Neuroscience
G-protein-gated inward rectifier K+ channel proteins (GIRK1) are present in the soma and dendrites as well as in nerve terminals of specific neurons in the brain
A Ponce, E Bueno, C Kentros, E Vega-Saenz de Miera, A Chow, D Hillman, S Chen, L Zhu, MB Wu, X Wu, B Rudy and WB Thornhill
Department of Physiology and Neuroscience, New York University Medical Center, New York 10016, USA.
G-protein-gated inward rectifier potassium (GIRK) channels are coupled to
numerous neurotransmitter receptors in the brain and can play important
roles in modulating neuronal function, depending on their localization in a
given neuron. Site-directed antibodies to the extreme C terminus of GIRK1
(or KGA1), a recently cloned component of GIRK channels, have been used to
determine the relative expression levels and distribution of the protein in
different regions of the rat brain by immunoblot and immunohistochemical
techniques. We report that the GIRK1 protein is expressed prominently in
the olfactory bulb, hippocampus, dentate gyrus, neocortex, thalamus,
cerebellar cortex, and several brain stem nuclei. In addition to the
expected localization in somas and dendrites, where GIRK channels may
mediate postsynaptic inhibition, GIRK1 proteins were also found in axons
and their terminal fields, suggesting that GIRK channels can also modulate
presynaptic events. Furthermore, the distribution of the protein to either
somatodendritic or axonal-terminal regions of neurons varied in different
brain regions, which would imply distinct functions of these channels in
different neuronal populations. Particularly prominent staining of the
cortical barrels of layer IV of the neocortex, and the absence of this
staining with unilateral kainate lesions of the thalamus, suggest that the
GIRK1 protein is expressed in thalamocortical nerve terminals in which GIRK
channels may mediate the actions of mu opiate receptors.
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