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Journal of Neuroscience, Vol 16, 2141-2148, Copyright © 1996 by Society for Neuroscience
Glucocorticoids differentially increase nerve growth factor and basic fibroblast growth factor expression in the rat brain
I Mocchetti, G Spiga, VY Hayes, PJ Isackson and A Colangelo
Department of Cell Biology, Division of Neurobiology, Georgetown University, School of Medicine, Washington, DC 20007, USA.
Adrenocorticotropin hormone (ACTH) and adrenal steroids may influence
trophic processes operative in neuronal plasticity. Because nerve growth
factor (NGF) and basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) participate in
neuronal trophism, we have investigated whether adrenal steroids induce the
expression of these two trophic factors in the rat brain. The systemic
administration of dexamethasone (DEX) elicited a rapid (within 3 hr) and
sustained accumulation of bFGF and NGF mRNA in the cerebral cortex and
hippocampus. Regional studies showed that DEX increases bFGF but not NGF
mRNA in the cerebellum, striatum, and hypothalamus. In situ hybridization
studies revealed that DEX increases NGF mRNA in superficial layers of the
cerebral cortex and in the dentate gyrus of the hippocampus, and bFGF mRNA
throughout the brain, suggesting that DEX induces NGF mRNA in neurons and
bFGF in glial cells. ACTH administered systemically elicited a temporal and
regional induction in NGF and bFGF mRNA similar to that obtained with DEX.
Increases in NGF and bFGF mRNAs were also observed after administration of
corticosterone and, albeit to a lesser extent, aldosterone, suggesting that
the pituitary-adrenocortical axis plays an important role in the regulation
of NGF and bFGF expression in the brain. Our data suggest that NGF and bFGF
represent a link by which the adrenal cortical system can exert trophic
action on the CNS.
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