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Journal of Neuroscience, Vol 16, 2671-2683, Copyright © 1996 by Society for Neuroscience
Dual somatotopical representations in the primate subthalamic nucleus: evidence for ordered but reversed body-map transformations from the primary motor cortex and the supplementary motor area
A Nambu, M Takada, M Inase and H Tokuno
National Institute for Physiological Sciences, Okazaki, Japan.
The subthalamic nucleus (STN) is a key structure for somatic motor control
via the basal ganglia. In the present study, we demonstrate that the STN of
the macaque monkey has dual sets of body part representations. Each of the
two separate portions of the STN is characterized with somatotopically
arranged direct cortical inputs that are derived from the primary motor
cortex (MI) and the supplementary motor area (SMA). The first set of body
part representations is transformed from the MI to the lateral STN, whereas
the second set is transformed from the SMA to the medial STN. Intracortical
microstimulation mapping was carried out to guide paired injections of
anterograde tracers into somatotopically corresponding regions of the MI
and the SMA. We found that direct inputs from the MI were allocated mostly
within the lateral half of the STN, whereas those from the SMA were
distributed predominantly within its medial half. Of particular interest
was that the arrangement of somatotopical representations from the SMA to
the medial STN was reversed against the ordering of those from the MI to
the lateral STN; the orofacial, forelimb, and hindlimb parts were
represented from medial to lateral within the medial STN, whereas these
body parts were represented, in the inverse order, mediolaterally within
the lateral STN. Moreover, inputs from homotopical MI and SMA regions were
found to converge only partially into the STN. The present findings could
account for somatotopically specific involuntary movements manifested in
hemiballism that is caused by destruction of the STN.
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