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Journal of Neuroscience, Vol 16, 2691-2700, Copyright © 1996 by Society for Neuroscience
Complexity affects regional cerebral blood flow change during sequential finger movements
N Sadato, G Campbell, V Ibanez, M Deiber and M Hallett
Human Motor Control Section, Medical Neurology Branch, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892-1428, USA.
Brain regions activated with complex sequential finger movements were
localized by measuring regional cerebral blood flow (rCBF) with positron
emission tomography. Whereas the total number and frequency of finger
movements were kept constant, the complexity of auditory cued sequential
finger movements of the right hand varied, with sequence length as the
independent variable. In four conditions of differing complexity, the
bilateral primary sensorimotor area, left ventral premotor cortex,
posterior supplementary motor area, right superior part of the cerebellum,
and left putamen were consistently and equally activated. This finding
suggests an executive role in running sequences, regardless of their
length. The right dorsal premotor cortex (Brodmann area 6) and the right
precuneus (Brodmann area 7) showed a linear increase of rCBF as sequence
complexity increased. This finding is consistent with the hypothesis that
these areas function in the storage of motor sequences in spatial working
memory and the production of ongoing sequential movement with reference to
that of buffered memory. A similar increase in the cerebellar vermis and
the left thalamus likewise suggests a role of these subcortical structures
in complexity of sequential finger movements. Conversely, the left inferior
parietal lobule showed a decrease of rCBF as complexity increased. Because
short-term phonological storage is localized to this area, we suggest that
the visuospatial working memory system may suppress other systems not in
use. Our findings suggest that complex sequential finger movements recruit
a discrete set of brain areas, in addition to areas underlying the
execution of simple movement sequences.
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