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Volume 16, Number 9,
Issue of May 1, 1996
pp. 2983-2994
Copyright ©1996 Society for Neuroscience
The Dynamics of Dendritic Structure in Developing Hippocampal
Slices
Received Nov. 27, 1995; revised Feb. 8, 1996; accepted Feb. 14, 1996.
Michael E. Dailey and
Stephen J Smith
Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Beckman Center,
Stanford University Medical School, Stanford, California 94305-5426
Time-lapse fluorescence confocal microscopy was used to directly
visualize the formation and dynamics of postsynaptic target structures
(i.e., dendritic branches and spines) on pyramidal neurons within
developing hippocampal tissue slices. Within a 2 week period of time,
pyramidal neurons in cultured slices derived from early postnatal rat
(postnatal days 2-7) developed complex dendritic arbors bearing
numerous postsynaptic spines. At early stages (1-2 d in
vitro), many fine filopodial protrusions on dendrite shafts
rapidly extended (maximum rate ~2.5 µm/min) and retracted (median
filopodial lifetime, 10 min), but some filopodia transformed into
growth cones and nascent dendrite branches. As dendritic arbors
matured, the population of fleeting lateral filopodia was replaced by
spine-like structures having a low rate of turnover. This developmental
progression involved a transitional stage in which dendrites were
dominated by persistent (up to 22 hr) but dynamic spiny protrusions
(i.e., protospines) that showed substantial changes in length and shape
on a timescale of minutes. These observations reveal a highly dynamic
state of postsynaptic target structures that may actively contribute to
the formation and plasticity of synaptic connections during CNS
development.
Key words:
dendrite;
dendritic spine;
development;
pyramidal cell;
hippocampal slice;
DiI;
confocal imaging;
time-lapse
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