 |
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
Previous Article | Next Article
Volume 17, Number 11, Issue of June 1, 1997 pp. 4389-4397
Copyright ©1997 Society for NeuroscienceNeuropeptide Hierarchies and the Activation of Sequential Motor Behaviors in the Hawkmoth, Manduca sexta
Received Jan. 15, 1997; revised March 5, 1997; accepted March 10, 1997.
Stephen C. Gammie and James W. Truman Zoology Department, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195-1800
In insects, the shedding of the old cuticle at the end of a molt involves a stereotyped sequence of distinct behaviors. Our studies on the isolated nervous system of Manduca sexta show that the peptides ecdysis-triggering hormone (ETH) and crustacean cardioactive peptide (CCAP) elicit the first two motor behaviors, the pre-ecdysis and ecdysis behaviors, respectively. Exposing isolated abdominal ganglia to ETH resulted in the generation of sustained pre-ecdysis bursts. By contrast, exposing the entire isolated CNS to ETH resulted in the sequential appearance of pre-ecdysis and ecdysis motor outputs. Previous research has shown that ETH activates neurons within the brain that then release eclosion hormone within the CNS. The latter elevates cGMP levels within and increases the excitability of a group of neurons containing CCAP. In our experiments, the ETH-induced onset of ecdysis bursts was always associated with a rise in intracellular cGMP within these CCAP neurons. We also found that CCAP immunoreactivity decreases centrally during normal ecdysis. Isolated, desheathed abdominal ganglia responded to CCAP by generating rhythmical ecdysis bursts. These ecdysis motor bursts persisted as long as CCAP was present and could be reinduced by successive application of the peptide. CCAP exposure also actively terminated pre-ecdysis bursts from the abdominal CNS, even in the continued presence of ETH. Thus, the sequential performance of the two behaviors arises from one modulator activating the first behavior and also initiating the release of the second modulator. The second modulator then turns off the first behavior while activating the second.
Key words: CCAP; ecdysis; pre-ecdysis; ecdysis triggering hormone; eclosion hormone; cGMP
This article has been cited by other articles:
J. S. Chung, D. C. Wilcockson, N. Zmora, Y. Zohar, H. Dircksen, and S. G. Webster
Identification and developmental expression of mRNAs encoding crustacean cardioactive peptide (CCAP) in decapod crustaceans
J. Exp. Biol., October 1, 2006; 209(19): 3862 - 3872.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
Y.-J. Kim, D. Zitnan, K.-H. Cho, D. A. Schooley, A. Mizoguchi, and M. E. Adams
Central peptidergic ensembles associated with organization of an innate behavior
PNAS, September 19, 2006; 103(38): 14211 - 14216.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
Y. Zilberstein, J. Ewer, and A. Ayali
Neuromodulation of the locust frontal ganglion during the moult: a novel role for insect ecdysis peptides
J. Exp. Biol., August 1, 2006; 209(15): 2911 - 2919.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
T. Sakai, H. Satake, H. Minakata, and M. Takeda
Characterization of Crustacean Cardioactive Peptide as a Novel Insect Midgut Factor: Isolation, Localization, and Stimulation of {alpha}-Amylase Activity and Gut Contraction
Endocrinology, December 1, 2004; 145(12): 5671 - 5678.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
P. K. Loi and N. J. Tublitz
Sequence and expression of the CAPA/CAP2b gene in the tobacco hawkmoth, Manduca sexta
J. Exp. Biol., October 1, 2004; 207(21): 3681 - 3691.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
J. S. Chung and S. G. Webster
Expression and release patterns of neuropeptides during embryonic development and hatching of the green shore crab, Carcinus maenas
Development, October 1, 2004; 131(19): 4751 - 4761.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
A. C. Clark, M. L. del Campo, and J. Ewer
Neuroendocrine Control of Larval Ecdysis Behavior in Drosophila: Complex Regulation by Partially Redundant Neuropeptides
J. Neurosci., April 28, 2004; 24(17): 4283 - 4292.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
J. H. Park, A. J. Schroeder, C. Helfrich-Forster, F. R. Jackson, and J. Ewer
Targeted ablation of CCAP neuropeptide-containing neurons of Drosophila causes specific defects in execution and circadian timing of ecdysis behavior
Development, June 15, 2003; 130(12): 2645 - 2656.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
N. T. Davis, M. B. Blackburn, E. G. Golubeva, and J. G. Hildebrand
Localization of myoinhibitory peptide immunoreactivity in Manduca sexta and Bombyx mori, with indications that the peptide has a role in molting and ecdysis
J. Exp. Biol., May 1, 2003; 206(9): 1449 - 1460.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
J. E. Bestman and R. Booker
Modulation of foregut synaptic activity controls resorption of molting fluid during larval molts of the moth Manduca sexta
J. Exp. Biol., April 1, 2003; 206(7): 1207 - 1220.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
I. E. Clark, K. C. Dobi, H. K. Duchow, A. N. Vlasak, and E. R. Gavis
A common translational control mechanism functions in axial patterning and neuroendocrine signaling in Drosophila
Development, March 9, 2003; 129(14): 3325 - 3334.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
Y. Park, V. Filippov, S. S. Gill, and M. E. Adams
Deletion of the ecdysis-triggering hormone gene leads to lethal ecdysis deficiency
Development, March 3, 2003; 129(2): 493 - 503.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
L. Y. M. Rayburn, H. C. Gooding, S. P. Choksi, D. Maloney, A. R. Kidd III, D. E. Siekhaus, and M. Bender
amontillado, the Drosophila Homolog of the Prohormone Processing Protease PC2, Is Required During Embryogenesis and Early Larval Development
Genetics, January 1, 2003; 163(1): 227 - 237.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
D. Zitnan, L. Hollar, I. Spalovska, P. Takac, I. Zitnanova, S. S. Gill, and M. E. Adams
Molecular cloning and function of ecdysis-triggering hormones in the silkworm Bombyx mori
J. Exp. Biol., November 15, 2002; 205(22): 3459 - 3473.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
J. D. Baker and J. W. Truman
Mutations in the Drosophila glycoprotein hormone receptor, rickets, eliminate neuropeptide-induced tanning and selectively block a stereotyped behavioral program
J. Exp. Biol., September 1, 2002; 205(17): 2555 - 2565.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
M. Fuse and J. W. Truman
Modulation of ecdysis in the moth Manduca sexta: the roles of the suboesophageal and thoracic ganglia
J. Exp. Biol., April 15, 2002; 205(8): 1047 - 1058.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
I. Zitnanova, M. E. Adams, and D. Zitnan
Dual ecdysteroid action on the epitracheal glands and central nervous system preceding ecdysis of Manduca sexta
J. Exp. Biol., March 12, 2002; 204(20): 3483 - 3495.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
P. K. LOI, S. A. EMMAL, Y. PARK, and N. J. TUBLITZ
IDENTIFICATION, SEQUENCE AND EXPRESSION OF A CRUSTACEAN CARDIOACTIVE PEPTIDE (CCAP) GENE IN THE MOTH MANDUCA SEXTA
J. Exp. Biol., March 10, 2002; 204(16): 2803 - 2816.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
P. Skiebe
Neuropeptides are ubiquitous chemical mediators: Using the stomatogastric nervous system as a model system
J. Exp. Biol., March 8, 2002; 204(12): 2035 - 2048.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
T. Kingan and M. Adams
Ecdysteroids regulate secretory competence in Inka cells
J. Exp. Biol., January 10, 2000; 203(19): 3011 - 3018.
[Abstract] [PDF]
D Zitnan and M. Adams
Excitatory and inhibitory roles of central ganglia in initiation of the insect ecdysis behavioural sequence
J. Exp. Biol., January 4, 2000; 203(8): 1329 - 1340.
[Abstract] [PDF]
M. Phlippen, S. Webster, J. Chung, and H Dircksen
Ecdysis of decapod crustaceans is associated with a dramatic release of crustacean cardioactive peptide into the haemolymph
J. Exp. Biol., January 2, 2000; 203(3): 521 - 536.
[Abstract] [PDF]
J. S. Chung, H. Dircksen, and S. G. Webster
A remarkable, precisely timed release of hyperglycemic hormone from endocrine cells in the gut is associated with ecdysis in the crab Carcinus maenas
PNAS, November 9, 1999; 96(23): 13103 - 13107.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
D. E. Siekhaus and R. S. Fuller
A Role for amontillado, the Drosophila Homolog of the Neuropeptide Precursor Processing Protease PC2, in Triggering Hatching Behavior
J. Neurosci., August 15, 1999; 19(16): 6942 - 6954.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
J. Baker, S. McNabb, and J. Truman
The hormonal coordination of behavior and physiology at adult ecdysis in Drosophila melanogaster
J. Exp. Biol., January 11, 1999; 202(21): 3037 - 3048.
[Abstract] [PDF]
S. Gammie and J. Truman
Eclosion hormone provides a link between ecdysis-triggering hormone and crustacean cardioactive peptide in the neuroendocrine cascade that controls ecdysis behavior
J. Exp. Biol., January 2, 1999; 202(4): 343 - 352.
[Abstract] [PDF]
B. Mulloney, H. Namba, H.-J. Agricola, and W. M. Hall
Modulation of Force during Locomotion: Differential Action of Crustacean Cardioactive Peptide on Power-Stroke and Return- Stroke Motor Neurons
J. Neurosci., September 15, 1997; 17(18): 6872 - 6883.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|