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Volume 17, Number 15, Issue of August 1, 1997 pp. 5868-5880
Copyright ©1997 Society for Neuroscience

Cortistatin Is Expressed in a Distinct Subset of Cortical Interneurons

Received March 24, 1997; revised May 19, 1997; accepted May 20, 1997.

Luis de Lecea¹, José Antonio del Rio³, José R. Criado², Soledad Alcántara³, Marisela Morales², Patria E. Danielson¹, Steven J. Henriksen², Eduardo Soriano³, and J. Gregor Sutcliffe¹

Departments of ¹ Molecular Biology and ² Neuropharmacology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, California 92037, and ³ Unitat de Biologia Cel.lular, Facultat de Biologia, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, 08028 Spain

Cortistatin is a presumptive neuropeptide that shares 11 of its 14 amino acids with somatostatin. In contrast to somatostatin, administration of cortistatin into the rat brain ventricles specifically enhances slow wave sleep, apparently by antagonizing the effects of acetylcholine on cortical excitability. Here we show that preprocortistatin mRNA is expressed in a subset of GABAergic cells in the cortex and hippocampus that partially overlap with those containing somatostatin. A significant percentage of cortistatin-positive neurons is also positive for parvalbumin. In contrast, no colocalization was found between cortistatin and calretinin, cholecystokinin, or vasoactive intestinal peptide. During development there is a transient increase in cortistatin-expressing cells in the second postnatal week in all cortical areas and in the dentate gyrus. A transient expression of preprocortistatin mRNA in the hilar region at P16 is paralleled by electrophysiological changes in dentate granule cells. Together, these observations suggest mechanisms by which cortistatin may regulate cortical activity.

Key words: cortistatin; preprocortistatin; mRNA; slow wave sleep; GABAergic stimulation; somatostatin

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