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Volume 17, Number 15,
Issue of August 1, 1997
pp. 5972-5978
Copyright ©1997 Society for Neuroscience
Prolonged and Extrasynaptic Excitatory Action of Dopamine
Mediated by D1 Receptors in the Rat Striatum In Vivo
Received April 22, 1997; accepted May 14, 1997.
François Gonon
Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique UMR 5541, Laboratoire d'Histologie-Embryologie, UFR 2, Université Bordeaux
II, 33076 Bordeaux, France
The spatiotemporal characteristics of the dopaminergic transmission
mediated by D1 receptors were investigated in vivo. For this purpose dopamine (DA) release was evoked in the striatum of
anesthetized rats by train electrical stimulations of the medial forebrain bundle (one to four pulses at 15 Hz), which mimicked the
spontaneous activity of dopaminergic neurons. The resulting dopamine
overflow was electrochemically monitored in real time in the
extracellular space. This evoked DA release induced a delayed increase
in discharge activity in a subpopulation of single striatal neurons.
This excitation was attributable to stimulation of D1 receptors by
released DA because it was abolished by acute 6-hydroxydopamine lesion
and strongly reduced by the D1 antagonist SCH 23390. Striatal neurons
exhibiting this delayed response were also strongly excited by
intravenous administration of the D1 agonist SKF 82958. Whereas the DA
overflow was closely time-correlated with stimulation, the excitatory
response mediated by DA started 200 msec after release and lasted for
up to 1 sec. Moreover, functional evidence presented here combined with
previous morphological data show that D1 receptors are stimulated by DA
diffusing up to 12 µm away from release sites in the extrasynaptic
extracellular space. In conclusion, DA released by bursts of action
potentials exerts, via D1 receptors, a delayed and prolonged excitatory
influence on target neurons. This phasic transmission occurs outside
synaptic clefts but still exhibits a high degree of spatial
specificity.
Key words:
dopamine;
release;
D1 receptor;
G-protein-coupled
receptor;
striatum;
in vivo electrochemistry;
electrophysiology;
synaptic cleft;
diffusion in the extracellular
space
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