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Volume 17, Number 17,
Issue of September 1, 1997
pp. 6717-6728
Copyright ©1997 Society for Neuroscience
Differential Expression of Distinct Members of Rho Family
GTP-Binding Proteins during Neuronal Development: Identification of
Rac1B, a New Neural-Specific Member of the Family
Received Jan. 19, 1997; revised June 6, 1997; accepted June 11, 1997.
Maria Luisa Malosio,
Daniela Gilardelli,
Simona Paris,
Chiara Albertinazzi, and
Ivan de
Curtis
Cell Adhesion Unit, Department of Biological and Technological
Research (DIBIT), San Raffaele Scientific Institute, 20132 Milano,
Italy
Previous studies on small GTP-binding proteins of the Rho family
have revealed their involvement in the organization of cell actin
cytoskeleton. The function of these GTPases during vertebrate development is not known. With the aim of understanding the possible role of these proteins during neuronal development, we have cloned and
sequenced five members expressed in developing chick neural retinal
cells. We have identified four chicken genes, cRhoA,
cRhoB, cRhoC, and cRac1A,
homologous to known human genes, and a novel Rac gene,
cRac1B. Analysis of the distribution of four of the identified transcripts in chicken embryos shows for the first time high
levels of expression of Rho family genes in the vertebrate developing
nervous system, with distinct patterns of distribution for the
different transcripts. In particular, cRhoA and
cRac1A gene expression appeared ubiquitous in the whole
embryo, and the cRhoB transcript was more prominent in
populations of neurons actively extending neurites, whereas the newly
identified cRac1B gene was homogeneously expressed only
in the developing nervous system. Temporal analysis of the expression
of the five genes suggests a correlation with the morphogenetic events
occurring within the developing retina and the retinotectal pathway.
Expression of an epitope-tagged cRac1B in retinal neurons showed a
diffuse distribution of the protein in the cell body and along
neurites.
Taken as a whole, our results suggest important roles for ubiquitous
and neural-specific members of the Rho family in the acquisition of the
mature neuronal phenotype.
Key words:
Rho GTPases;
neuronal development;
chick embryo;
neural
retinal cells;
retinotectal pathway;
dorsal root ganglia
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