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Volume 17, Number 18,
Issue of September 15, 1997
pp. 6961-6973
Copyright ©1997 Society for Neuroscience
Linearized Buffered Ca2+ Diffusion in Microdomains
and Its Implications for Calculation of [Ca2+] at the
Mouth of a Calcium Channel
Received March 25, 1997; revised June 26, 1997; accepted June 30, 1997.
Mohammad Naraghi and
Erwin Neher
Department of Membrane Biophysics, Max-Planck-Institute for
Biophysical Chemistry, D-37070 Göttingen, Germany
Immobile and mobile calcium buffers shape the calcium signal close
to a channel by reducing and localizing the transient calcium increase
to physiological compartments. In this paper, we focus on the impact of
mobile buffers in shaping steady-state calcium gradients in the
vicinity of an open channel, i.e. within its "calcium microdomain."
We present a linear approximation of the combined reaction-diffusion
problem, which can be solved explicitly and accounts for an arbitrary
number of calcium buffers, either endogenous or added exogenously. It
is valid for small saturation levels of the present buffers and shows
that within a few hundred nanometers from the channel, standing calcium
gradients develop in hundreds of microseconds after channel opening. It
is shown that every buffer can be assigned a uniquely defined
length-constant as a measure of its capability to buffer calcium close
to the channel. The length-constant clarifies intuitively the
significance of buffer binding and unbinding kinetics for understanding
local calcium signals. Hence, we examine the parameters shaping these steady-state gradients. The model can be used to check the expected influence of single channel calcium microdomains on physiological processes such as excitation-secretion coupling or
excitation-contraction coupling and to explore the differential effect
of kinetic buffer parameters on the shape of these microdomains.
Key words:
Ca2+ microdomains;
Ca2+ diffusion;
Ca2+ buffers;
buffer
kinetics;
diffusion modeling;
synaptic transmission
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W. Shen and M. M. Slaughter
Internal Calcium Modulates Apparent Affinity of Metabotropic GABA Receptors
J Neurophysiol,
December 1, 1999;
82(6):
3298 - 3306.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
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A. Zahradnikova, I. Zahradnik, I. Gyorke, and S. Gyorke
Rapid Activation of the Cardiac Ryanodine Receptor by Submillisecond Calcium Stimuli
J. Gen. Physiol.,
December 1, 1999;
114(6):
787 - 798.
[Abstract]
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Y.-C. Wu, A. J. Ricci, and R. Fettiplace
Two Components of Transducer Adaptation in Auditory Hair Cells
J Neurophysiol,
November 1, 1999;
82(5):
2171 - 2181.
[Abstract]
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H. Zou, L. M. Lifshitz, R. A. Tuft, K. E. Fogarty, and J. J. Singer
Imaging Ca2+ Entering the Cytoplasm through a Single Opening of a Plasma Membrane Cation Channel
J. Gen. Physiol.,
October 1, 1999;
114(4):
575 - 588.
[Abstract]
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D. A. DiGregorio, A. Peskoff, and J. L. Vergara
Measurement of Action Potential-Induced Presynaptic Calcium Domains at a Cultured Neuromuscular Junction
J. Neurosci.,
September 15, 1999;
19(18):
7846 - 7859.
[Abstract]
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T. E. Fisher and J. M. Fernandez
Pulsed Laser Imaging of Ca2+ Influx in a Neuroendocrine Terminal
J. Neurosci.,
September 1, 1999;
19(17):
7450 - 7457.
[Abstract]
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C. Chen and W. G. Regehr
Contributions of Residual Calcium to Fast Synaptic Transmission
J. Neurosci.,
August 1, 1999;
19(15):
6257 - 6266.
[Abstract]
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Z. Lin, Y. Lin, S. Schorge, J. Q. Pan, M. Beierlein, and D. Lipscombe
Alternative Splicing of a Short Cassette Exon in alpha 1B Generates Functionally Distinct N-Type Calcium Channels in Central and Peripheral Neurons
J. Neurosci.,
July 1, 1999;
19(13):
5322 - 5331.
[Abstract]
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R. Ravin, H. Parnas, M. E. Spira, N. Volfovsky, and I. Parnas
Simultaneous Measurement of Evoked Release and [Ca2+]i in a Crayfish Release Bouton Reveals High Affinity of Release to Ca2+
J Neurophysiol,
February 1, 1999;
81(2):
634 - 642.
[Abstract]
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R. ZhuGe, R. A. Tuft, K. E. Fogarty, K. Bellve, F. S. Fay, and J. V. Walsh Jr.
The Influence of Sarcoplasmic Reticulum Ca2+ Concentration on Ca2+ Sparks and Spontaneous Transient Outward Currents in Single Smooth Muscle Cells
J. Gen. Physiol.,
February 1, 1999;
113(2):
215 - 228.
[Abstract]
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J. M Pattillo, D. E Artim, J. E Simples Jr, and S. D Meriney
Variations in onset of action potential broadening: effects on calcium current studied in chick ciliary ganglion neurones
J. Physiol.,
February 1, 1999;
514(3):
719 - 728.
[Abstract]
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E. Rumpel and J. C Behrends
Sr2+-dependent asynchronous evoked transmission at rat striatal inhibitory synapses in vitro
J. Physiol.,
January 15, 1999;
514(2):
447 - 458.
[Abstract]
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O. Ohana and B. Sakmann
Transmitter release modulation in nerve terminals of rat neocortical pyramidal cells by intracellular calcium buffers
J. Physiol.,
November 15, 1998;
513(1):
135 - 148.
[Abstract]
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G. Erdemli, Y. Z. Xu, and K. Krnjevic
Potassium Conductance Causing Hyperpolarization of CA1 Hippocampal Neurons During Hypoxia
J Neurophysiol,
November 1, 1998;
80(5):
2378 - 2390.
[Abstract]
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A. J. Ricci, Y-C. Wu, and R. Fettiplace
The Endogenous Calcium Buffer and the Time Course of Transducer Adaptation in Auditory Hair Cells
J. Neurosci.,
October 15, 1998;
18(20):
8261 - 8277.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
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W. Shen and M. M Slaughter
Metabotropic and ionotropic glutamate receptors regulate calcium channel currents in salamander retinal ganglion cells
J. Physiol.,
August 1, 1998;
510(3):
815 - 828.
[Abstract]
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K. A. Fagan, R. A. Graf, S. Tolman, J. Schaack, and D. M. F. Cooper
Regulation of a Ca2+-sensitive Adenylyl Cyclase in an Excitable Cell. ROLE OF VOLTAGE-GATED VERSUS CAPACITATIVE Ca2+ ENTRY
J. Biol. Chem.,
December 15, 2000;
275(51):
40187 - 40194.
[Abstract]
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