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Volume 17, Number 18, Issue of September 15, 1997 pp. 7017-7024
Copyright ©1997 Society for Neuroscience

A Postsynaptic Excitatory Amino Acid Transporter with Chloride Conductance Functionally Regulated by Neuronal Activity in Cerebellar Purkinje Cells

Received May 12, 1997; revised June 26, 1997; accepted July 2, 1997.

Yosky Kataoka^{1, 2}, Hiroshi Morii^{1, 3}, Yasuyoshi Watanabe^{1, 3}, and Harunori Ohmori²

¹ Department of Neuroscience, Osaka Bioscience Institute, Osaka 565, Japan, ² Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-01, Japan, and ³ Subfemtomole Biorecognition Project, Japan Science and Technology Corporation, Osaka 565, Japan

Excitatory amino acid (EAA) neurotransmitters induce postsynaptic depolarization by activating receptor-mediated cation conductances, a process known to underlie changes in synaptic efficacy. Using a patch-clamp method, we demonstrate here an EAA-dependent postsynaptic anion conductance mediated by EAA transporters present on cerebellar Purkinje cell bodies and dendrites in culture. This transporter-mediated current was modulated by neuronal activity: it exhibited facilitation for >20 min after transient depolarization accompanied by Ca²⁺ influx. Evidence is presented suggesting that the transporter facilitation is mediated by arachidonate release after Ca²⁺-dependent activation of phospholipase A₂, which exists in Purkinje cells. This postsynaptic reuptake system may represent a novel modulatory mechanism of synaptic transmission as well as prevent neuronal excitotoxicity.

Key words: Purkinje cell; excitatory amino acid; postsynaptic transporter; chloride conductance; arachidonate; phospholipase A₂; patch clamp

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