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Volume 17, Number 18,
Issue of September 15, 1997
pp. 7166-7179
Copyright ©1997 Society for Neuroscience
Evidence for an Intramedullary Prostaglandin-Dependent Mechanism
in the Activation of Stress-Related Neuroendocrine Circuitry by
Intravenous Interleukin-1
Received March 6, 1997; revised July 1, 1997; accepted July 7, 1997.
A. Ericsson2,
C. Arias1, and
P. E. Sawchenko1
1 Laboratory of Neuronal Structure and Function, The
Salk Institute, La Jolla, California 92037, and 2 Unit of
Rheumatology, The Karolinska Hospital, S-171 76 Stockholm, Sweden
We have provided evidence that the stimulatory effects of
intravenous interleukin-1 (IL-1) on neurosecretory neurons in the paraventricular nucleus (PVH) that express corticotropin-releasing factor (CRF) depend specifically on the integrity of catecholaminergic projections originating in caudal medulla. Here we report on
experiments designed to test alternative means by which circulating
IL-1 might access medullary aminergic neurons, including mechanisms
involving sensory components of the vagus, the area postrema, or
perivascular cells bearing IL-1 receptors. Neither abdominal vagotomy
nor area postrema lesions reliably altered Fos expression induced in
the medulla or PVH in response to a moderately suprathreshold dose of
IL-1 . Cytokine-stimulated increases in CRF mRNA in the PVH were also
unaffected by either ablation. By contrast, systemic administration of
the cyclooxygenase inhibitor indomethacin resulted in parallel
dose-related attenuations of IL-1 effects in hypothalamus and medulla.
Microinjections of prostaglandin E2 (PGE2;  10 ng) in rostral
ventrolateral medulla, the principal seat of IL-1-sensitive neurons
that project to the PVH, provoked discrete patterns of cellular
activation in hypothalamus and medulla that mimicked those seen in
response to intravenous IL-1. We interpret these findings as supporting
the hypothesis that paracrine effects of PGE2 released from
perivascular cells in the medulla as a consequence of IL-1 stimulation
and, acting through prostanoid receptors on or near local aminergic
neurons that project to the PVH, contribute to the stimulatory
effects of increased circulating IL-1 on neurons constituting the
central limb of the hypothalamo-pituitary-adrenal axis.
Key words:
catecholamine neurons;
corticotropin-releasing factor;
hypothalamo-pituitary-adrenal axis;
interleukin-1;
neuroimmune
interactions;
paraventricular nucleus;
prostaglandins
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