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Volume 17, Number 18, Issue of September 15, 1997 pp. 7166-7179
Copyright ©1997 Society for Neuroscience

Evidence for an Intramedullary Prostaglandin-Dependent Mechanism in the Activation of Stress-Related Neuroendocrine Circuitry by Intravenous Interleukin-1

Received March 6, 1997; revised July 1, 1997; accepted July 7, 1997.

A. Ericsson2, C. Arias1, and P. E. Sawchenko1

1 Laboratory of Neuronal Structure and Function, The Salk Institute, La Jolla, California 92037, and 2 Unit of Rheumatology, The Karolinska Hospital, S-171 76 Stockholm, Sweden

We have provided evidence that the stimulatory effects of intravenous interleukin-1 (IL-1) on neurosecretory neurons in the paraventricular nucleus (PVH) that express corticotropin-releasing factor (CRF) depend specifically on the integrity of catecholaminergic projections originating in caudal medulla. Here we report on experiments designed to test alternative means by which circulating IL-1 might access medullary aminergic neurons, including mechanisms involving sensory components of the vagus, the area postrema, or perivascular cells bearing IL-1 receptors. Neither abdominal vagotomy nor area postrema lesions reliably altered Fos expression induced in the medulla or PVH in response to a moderately suprathreshold dose of IL-1beta . Cytokine-stimulated increases in CRF mRNA in the PVH were also unaffected by either ablation. By contrast, systemic administration of the cyclooxygenase inhibitor indomethacin resulted in parallel dose-related attenuations of IL-1 effects in hypothalamus and medulla. Microinjections of prostaglandin E2 (PGE2; >= 10 ng) in rostral ventrolateral medulla, the principal seat of IL-1-sensitive neurons that project to the PVH, provoked discrete patterns of cellular activation in hypothalamus and medulla that mimicked those seen in response to intravenous IL-1. We interpret these findings as supporting the hypothesis that paracrine effects of PGE2 released from perivascular cells in the medulla as a consequence of IL-1 stimulation and, acting through prostanoid receptors on or near local aminergic neurons that project to the PVH, contribute to the stimulatory effects of increased circulating IL-1 on neurons constituting the central limb of the hypothalamo-pituitary-adrenal axis.

Key words: catecholamine neurons; corticotropin-releasing factor; hypothalamo-pituitary-adrenal axis; interleukin-1; neuroimmune interactions; paraventricular nucleus; prostaglandins




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