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Volume 17, Number 2, Issue of January 15, 1997 pp. 755-764
Copyright ©1997 Society for Neuroscience

A Developmental Gene (Tolloid/BMP-1) Is Regulated in Aplysia Neurons by Treatments that Induce Long-Term Sensitization

Received July 8, 1996; revised Oct. 25, 1996; accepted Oct. 29, 1996.

Qing-R Liu¹, Samer Hattar¹, Shogo Endo¹, Kathleen MacPhee¹, Han Zhang², Leonard J. Cleary², John H. Byrne², and Arnold Eskin¹

¹ Department of Biochemical and Biophysical Sciences, University of Houston, Houston, Texas 77204, and ² Department of Neurobiology and Anatomy, University of Texas Medical School, Houston, Texas 77225

Long-term sensitization training, or procedures that mimic the training, produces long-term facilitation of sensory-motor neuron synapses in Aplysia. The long-term effects of these procedures require mRNA and protein synthesis (; ). Using the techniques of differential display reverse transcription PCR (DDRT-PCR) and ribonuclease protection assays (RPA), we identified a cDNA whose mRNA level was increased significantly in sensory neurons by treatments of isolated pleural-pedal ganglia with serotonin for 1.5 hr or by long-term behavioral training of Aplysia. The effects of serotonin and behavioral training on this mRNA were mimicked by treatments that elevate cAMP. The Aplysia mRNA increased by serotonin and behavioral training was 41-45% identical to a developmentally regulated gene family which includes Drosophila tolloid and human bone morphogenetic protein-1 (BMP-1). Both tolloid and BMP-1 encode metalloproteases that might activate TGF- (transforming growth factor )-like molecules or process procollagens. Aplysia tolloid/BMP-1-like protein (apTBL-1) might regulate the morphology and efficacy of synaptic connections between sensory and motor neurons, which are associated with long-term sensitization.

Key words: Aplysia; tolloid; metalloprotease; sensitization; learning; memory; TGF-

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