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Volume 17, Number 2,
Issue of January 15, 1997
pp. 851-861
Copyright ©1997 Society for Neuroscience
Differential Influence of Associative and Nonassociative Learning
Mechanisms on the Responsiveness of Prefrontal and Accumbal Dopamine
Transmission to Food Stimuli in Rats Fed Ad Libitum
Received July 22, 1996; revised Nov. 4, 1996; accepted Nov. 5, 1996.
Valentina Bassareo and
Gaetano Di Chiara
Department of Toxicology and Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche,
Centre for Neuropharmacology, University of Cagliari, 09126 Cagliari,
Italy
Feeding a novel food (Fonzies) to rats fed ad
libitum with standard food increased extracellular dopamine
(DA) in the medial prefrontal cortex (PFCX) and in the medial nucleus
accumbens (NAc). Previous Fonzies feeding, although it did not affect
the increase of extracellular DA in the PFCX in response to Fonzies
feeding, blunted that increase in the NAc (habituation); recovery from habituation in the NAc was complete 5 d after previous Fonzies feeding. Predictive association of an otherwise neutral stimulus extrinsic to Fonzies (empty plastic box) with Fonzies feeding resulted
in the acquisition by the stimulus of the property to elicit incentive
responses directed toward the stimulus and to increase extracellular DA
in the PFCX. However, the same stimulus, or a more complex stimulus
including intrinsic stimuli (Fonzies-filled plastic box), failed to
acquire the ability to modify extracellular DA in the NAc.
Pseudoconditioning, i.e., nonpredictive association of the extrinsic
stimulus (empty box) with Fonzies feeding, did not result in
acquisition by the stimulus of the property to elicit incentive
responses and to increase extracellular DA in the PFCX. Repeated
nonreinforced presentation of previously conditioned extrinsic stimuli
(empty box) resulted in extinction of the property to elicit incentive
responses and to increase extracellular DA in the PFCX. These results
indicate that in rats fed ad libitum, phasic activation
of mesocortical and mesolimbic DA systems by motivational stimuli is
differentially influenced by associative (conditioning) and
nonassociative (habituation) learning mechanisms and is differentially
related to acquisition and expression of incentive motivation.
Key words:
DA;
nucleus accumbens;
prefrontal cortex;
feeding;
motivation;
incentive;
conditioning
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