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Volume 17, Number 20,
Issue of October 15, 1997
pp. 7626-7633
Copyright ©1997 Society for Neuroscience
Shaping of IPSCs by Endogenous Calcineurin Activity
Received June 27, 1997; revised July 24, 1997; accepted July 28, 1997.
Mathew V. Jones1 and
Gary L. Westbrook1, 2
1 The Vollum Institute and 2 Department of
Neurology, Oregon Health Sciences University, Portland, Oregon 97201
Synaptic inhibition, mediated by GABAA receptors,
regulates neuronal firing, influences coincidence detection
(), and can synchronize the output of neural
circuits (). Although GABAA receptors can
be modulated by phosphorylation, few studies have directly addressed
the role of such modulation at synapses, where the nonequilibrium
conditions of receptor activation are quite different from those often
used to study GABAA receptors in vitro. Here
we promoted endogenous phosphorylation by inhibiting specific
phosphatases in rat hippocampal neurons and compared the effects on
IPSCs with GABAA channel responses in outside-out patches.
Brief and saturating GABA pulses (5 msec; 10 mM) activated patch currents resembling the IPSC. Inhibition of calcineurin (protein
phosphatase 2B), but not phosphatases 1 or 2A, produced a similar
shortening of IPSC and patch responses, as did nonspecific inhibition
of dephosphorylation using ATP S or high concentrations of
intracellular phosphate. Calcineurin inhibition increased the microscopic ligand unbinding rate, which was measured using the competitive antagonist
2-(3-carboxypropyl)-3-amino-6-(4-methoxyphenyl)pyridazinium bromide, suggesting that the IPSC shortening was partly caused by
destabilization of the ligand binding site. Calcineurin inhibition also
increased the rate and extent of macroscopic receptor desensitization. These results show that endogenous regulation by kinases and
calcineurin can produce substantial changes in the IPSC duration by
altering the unbinding and gating kinetics of the GABAA
receptor. Dynamic regulation of synaptic inhibition may thus allow for
the tuning of circuit behavior at the level of individual inhibitory
synapses.
Key words:
GABAA receptor;
synapse;
phosphorylation;
modulation;
kinetics;
hippocampus
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