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Previous Article | Next Article
Volume 17, Number 20, Issue of October 15, 1997 pp. 7817-7830
Copyright ©1997 Society for NeuroscienceIntracellular Calcium Oscillations in Astrocytes: A Highly Plastic, Bidirectional Form of Communication between Neurons and Astrocytes In Situ
Received May 19, 1997; revised July 14, 1997; accepted Aug. 6, 1997.
Lucia Pasti1, Andrea Volterra2, Tullio Pozzan1, and Giorgio Carmignoto1 1 Department of Experimental Biomedical Sciences and Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche Center for Biomembranes, University of Padova, 35121 Padova, Italy, and 2 Institute of Pharmacological Sciences, University of Milan, 20133 Milan, Italy
The spatial-temporal characteristics of intracellular calcium ([Ca2+]i) changes elicited in neurons and astrocytes by various types of stimuli were investigated by means of confocal fluorescent microscopy in acute rat brain slices loaded with the Ca2+ indicator indo-1. Neurons and astrocytes from the visual cortex and CA1 hippocampal region were identified in situ on the basis of their morphological, electrophysiological, and pharmacological features. We show here that stimulation of neuronal afferents triggered periodic [Ca2+]i oscillations in astrocytes. The frequency of these oscillations was under a dynamic control by neuronal activity as it changed according to the pattern of stimulation. After repetitive episodes of neuronal stimulation as well as repetitive stimulation with a metabotropic glutamate receptor agonist, astrocytes displayed a long-lasting increase in [Ca2+]i oscillation frequency. Oscillating astrocytes were accompanied by repetitive [Ca2+]i elevations in adjacent neurons, most likely because of the release of glutamate via a tetanus toxin-resistant process. These results reveal that [Ca2+]i oscillations in astrocytes represent a highly plastic signaling system that underlies the reciprocal communication between neurons and astrocytes.
Key words: astrocytes; metabotropic glutamate receptor; intracellular calcium oscillations; synaptic plasticity; neurotransmitter release; hippocampus; visual cortex; tetanus toxin; confocal microscopy
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