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Volume 17, Number 21,
Issue of November 1, 1997
pp. 8376-8390
Copyright ©1997 Society for Neuroscience
Activity-Dependent Regulation of NMDAR1 Immunoreactivity in the
Developing Visual Cortex
Received June 23, 1997; revised Aug. 13, 1997; accepted Aug. 20, 1997.
Susan M. Catalano,
Catherine K. Chang, and
Carla J. Shatz
Howard Hughes Medical Institute and Department of Molecular and
Cell Biology, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720
NMDA receptors have been implicated in activity-dependent synaptic
plasticity in the developing visual cortex. We examined the
distribution of immunocytochemically detectable NMDAR1 in visual cortex
of cats and ferrets from late embryonic ages to adulthood. Cortical
neurons are initially highly immunostained. This level declines
gradually over development, with the notable exception of cortical
layers 2/3, where levels of NMDAR1 immunostaining remain high into
adulthood. Within layer 4, the decline in NMDAR1 immunostaining to
adult levels coincides with the completion of ocular dominance column
formation and the end of the critical period for layer 4. To determine
whether NMDAR1 immunoreactivity is regulated by retinal activity,
animals were dark-reared or retinal activity was completely blocked in
one eye with tetrodotoxin (TTX). Dark-rearing does not cause detectable
changes in NMDAR1 immunoreactivity. However, 2 weeks of monocular TTX
administration decreases NMDAR1 immunoreactivity in layer 4 of the
columns of the blocked eye. Thus, high levels of NMDAR1 immunostaining
within the visual cortex are temporally correlated with ocular
dominance column formation and developmental plasticity; the
persistence of staining in layers 2/3 also correlates with the
physiological plasticity present in these layers in the adult. In
addition, visual experience is not required for the developmental
changes in the laminar pattern of NMDAR1 levels, but the presence of
high levels of NMDAR1 in layer 4 during the critical period does
require retinal activity. These observations are consistent with a
central role for NMDA receptors in promoting and ultimately limiting
synaptic rearrangements in the developing neocortex.
Key words:
NMDAR1;
activity-dependent;
visual cortex;
development;
critical period;
plasticity
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