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Previous Article | Next Article
Volume 17, Number 21, Issue of November 1, 1997 pp. 8528-8535
Copyright ©1997 Society for NeuroscienceSupranormal Stimulation of D1 Dopamine Receptors in the Rodent Prefrontal Cortex Impairs Spatial Working Memory Performance
Received April 16, 1997; revised July 28, 1997; accepted Aug. 14, 1997.
Justin Zahrt1, Jane R. Taylor2, Rex G. Mathew1, and Amy F. T. Arnsten1 1 Section of Neurobiology and 2 Department of Psychiatry, Yale Medical School, New Haven, Connecticut 06510
Although previous research has emphasized the beneficial effects of dopamine (DA) on functions of the prefrontal cortex (PFC), recent studies of animals exposed to mild stress indicate that excessive DA receptor stimulation may be detrimental to the spatial working memory functions of the PFC (; , ,, ). In particular, these studies have suggested that supranormal stimulation of D1 receptors may contribute to the detrimental actions of DA in the PFC (, ). The current study directly tested this hypothesis by examining the effects of infusing a full D1 receptor agonist, SKF 81297, into the PFC of rats performing a spatial working memory task, delayed alternation. SKF 81297 produced a dose-related impairment in delayed-alternation performance. The impairment was reversed by pretreatment with a D1 receptor antagonist, SCH 23390, consistent with drug actions at D1 receptors. SCH 23390 by itself had no effect on performance, although slightly higher doses impaired performance (, ). There was a significant relationship between infusion location and drug efficacy; animals with cannulae anterior to the PFC were not impaired by SKF 81297 infusions. Taken together, these results demonstrate that supranormal D1 receptor stimulation in the PFC is sufficient to impair PFC working memory function. These cognitive data are consistent with recent electrophysiological studies of D1 receptor mechanisms affecting the PFC (; ). Increased D1 receptor stimulation during stress may serve to take the PFC "off-line" to allow posterior cortical and subcortical structures to regulate behavior, but may contribute to the vulnerability of the PFC in many neuropsychiatric disorders.
Key words: dopamine; D1 receptor; prefrontal cortex; working memory; stress; schizophrenia
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