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Volume 17, Number 22,
Issue of November 15, 1997
pp. 8817-8827
Defective Learning in Mutants of the Drosophila Gene
for a Regulatory Subunit of cAMP-Dependent Protein Kinase
Received April 9, 1997; revised Aug. 27, 1997; accepted Aug. 29, 1997.
Stephen F. Goodwin1,
Maria Del Vecchio2,
Klara Velinzon2,
Catherine Hogel2,
Steven R. H. Russell3,
Tim Tully2, and
Kim Kaiser1
1 Institute of Genetics, University of Glasgow, Glasgow
G11 5JS, Scotland, 2 Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, Cold
Spring Harbor, New York 11724, and 3 Department of
Genetics, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 3EH, England
Disruptions of a Drosophila gene encoding a
regulatory subunit of cAMP-dependent protein kinase homologous to
mammalian RI (dPKA-RI) were targeted to the first (noncoding) exon
of dPKA-RI via site-selected P element mutagenesis. Flies homozygous
for either of two mutant alleles showed specific defects in olfactory learning but not in subsequent memory decay. In contrast, olfactory acuity and shock reactivity, component behaviors required for normal
odor avoidance learning, were normal in these mutants. Northern and
Western blot analyses of mRNA and protein extracted from adult heads
have revealed a complex lesion of the PKA-RI locus,
including expression of a novel product and over- or underexpression of
wild-type products in mutants. Western blot analysis revealed reductions in RI protein in mutants. PKA activity in the absence of
exogenous cAMP also was significantly higher than normal in homogenates
from mutant adult heads. These two mutant alleles failed to complement
each other for each of these phenotypic defects, eliminating
second-site mutations as a possible explanation. These results
establish a role for an RI regulatory subunit of PKA in Pavlovian
olfactory conditioning.
Key words:
learning;
memory;
reverse genetics;
PKA;
insertional
mutagenesis;
RI regulatory subunit
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