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Volume 17, Number 23,
Issue of December 1, 1997
pp. 9113-9121
Absence of Sensory Neurons before Target Innervation in
Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor-, Neurotrophin 3-, and TrkC-Deficient
Embryonic Mice
Received April 4, 1997; revised Sept. 5, 1997; accepted Sept. 12, 1997.
Daniel J. Liebl1,
Lino Tessarollo2,
Mary Ellen Palko2, and
Luis F. Parada1
1 Developmental Biology Center, University of Texas
Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas 75235-9133, and
2 Advanced Bioscience Laboratory-Basic Research Program,
National Cancer Institute-Frederick Cancer Research and Development
Center, Frederick, Maryland 21701
Gene-targeting experiments of Trk receptors and neurotrophins has
confirmed the expectation that embryonic sensory and sympathetic neurons require neurotrophin function for survival. They have further
revealed correlation between a specific neurotrophin requirement and
eventual sensory modality. We have analyzed embryonic and neonatal mice
with mutations in the BDNF, neurotrophin 3 (NT-3), and TrkC genes. Our
data confirm an unexpectedly high proportion of sensory neuron losses
in NT-3 (>70%), BDNF (>20%), and TrkC (>30%) mutants, which
encompass populations thought to be NGF-dependent. Direct comparison of
TrkC and NT-3 mutants indicates that only a subset of the
NT-3-dependent neurons also requires TrkC. The observed losses in our
TrkC mutant, which is null for all proteins encoded by the gene, are
more severe than those previously reported for the kinase-negative TrkC
mutation, implicating additional and important functions for the
truncated receptors. Our data further indicate that mature
NGF-requiring neurons undergo precocious and transitory requirements
for NT-3 and/or BDNF. We suggest that neurotrophins may function in
creating early heterogeneity that would enable ganglia to compensate
for diverse modality requirements before the period of naturally
occurring death.
Key words:
BDNF;
NT-3;
Trk;
gene targeting;
neurotrophins;
sensory
neurons
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