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Volume 17, Number 5, Issue of March 1, 1997 pp. 1691-1700
Copyright ©1997 Society for Neuroscience

Dendritic and Postsynaptic Localizations of Glycine Receptor alpha  Subunit mRNAs

Received Oct. 1, 1996; revised Dec. 16, 1996; accepted Dec. 18, 1996.

Claudia Racca, Alejandra Gardiol, and Antoine Triller

Laboratoire de Biologie Cellulaire de la Synapse, INSERM, CJF 94-10, Ecole Normale Supérieure, 75005 Paris, France

Some synaptic neurotransmitter receptors, such as those for glycine, have somato-dendritic distributions. Although the machinery for protein synthesis and several mRNAs are present in dendrites and close to synapses in central neurons, so far the mRNAs for neurotransmitter receptors have not been found unequivocally in dendrites. The glycine receptor (GlyR), a ligand-gated channel mediating a chloride-dependent inhibition, is composed of transmembrane alpha  and beta  subunits. GlyRs are only present at glycinergic postsynaptic differentiation, where they are stabilized by the associated protein gephyrin. With light nonradioactive in situ hybridization (ISH), we observe that GlyR alpha  subunit mRNAs are present in both somata and dendrites of most neurons of the ventral horn of rat spinal cord, whereas the beta  subunit and gephyrin mRNAs are predominantly in somata. Interestingly, within dendrites GlyR alpha  subunit mRNAs form aggregates that are mostly localized peripherally to the dendritic axial core. Electron microscopic ISH shows that GlyR alpha  subunit mRNAs are associated with postsynaptic differentiations. At these sites, the GlyR alpha  subunit mRNAs are detected in close association with subsynaptic cisternae. This targeting of alpha  subunit mRNAs to postsynaptic domains could provide a means of dynamically modulating synaptic efficacy by changing the composition and the density of receptors at glycinergic synapses.

Key words: glycine receptor; dendritic mRNA; spinal cord; in situ hybridization; immunocytochemistry; confocal microscopy; electron microscopy




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