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Volume 17, Number 8, Issue of April 15, 1997 pp. 2669-2682
Copyright ©1997 Society for NeuroscienceK+ Channel Expression and Cell Proliferation Are Regulated by Intracellular Sodium and Membrane Depolarization in Oligodendrocyte Progenitor Cells
Received Dec. 23, 1996; revised Jan. 28, 1997; accepted Jan. 30, 1997.
Peter Knutson, Cristina A. Ghiani, Jia-Min Zhou, Vittorio Gallo, and Chris J. McBain Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Neurophysiology, National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892-4495
The effects of a variety of antiproliferative agents on voltage-dependent K+ channel function in cortical oligodendrocyte progenitor (O-2A) cells were studied. Previously, we had shown that glutamate receptor activation reversibly inhibited O-2A cell proliferation stimulated by mitogenic factors and prevented lineage progression by attenuating outward K+ currents in O-2A cells. We now show that the antiproliferative actions of glutamate receptor activation are Ca2+-independent and arise from an increase in intracellular Na+ and subsequent block of outward K+ currents. In support of this mechanism, agents that acted to depolarize O-2A cells or increase intracellular sodium similarly had an antiproliferative effect, attributable at least in part to a reduction in voltage-gated K+ currents. Also, these effects were reversible and Ca2+-independent. Chronic treatment with glutamate agonists was without any long-term effect on K+ current function. Cells cultured in elevated K+, however, demonstrated an upregulation of inward rectifier K+ currents, concomitant with an hyperpolarization of the resting membrane potential. This culture condition therefore promoted a current phenotype typical of pro-oligodendroblasts. Finally, cells chronically treated with the mitotic inhibitor retinoic acid displayed a selective downregulation of outward K+ currents. In conclusion, signals that affect O-2A cell proliferation do so by regulating K+ channel function. These data indicate that the regulation of K+ currents in cells of the oligodendrocyte lineage plays an important role in determining their proliferative potential and demonstrate that O-2A cell K+ current phenotype can be modified by long-term depolarization of the cell membrane.
Key words: potassium channels; O-2A progenitors; cell proliferation; glial development; depolarization; lineage progression
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