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Volume 17, Number 8,
Issue of April 15, 1997
pp. 2713-2721
Copyright ©1997 Society for Neuroscience
Activation and Desensitization of Hippocampal Kainate
Receptors
Received Dec. 19, 1996; revised Jan. 30, 1997; accepted Feb. 4, 1997.
Timothy J. Wilding, and
James E. Huettner
Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, Washington University
School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri 63110
We have used whole-cell recordings and rapid agonist applications
to characterize the physiological properties of kainate receptors
expressed by rat hippocampal neurons in dissociated cell culture.
Activation of NMDA and AMPA receptors was prevented by inclusion of the
noncompetitive antagonists MK-801 (2 µM) and GYKI 53655 (100 µM), respectively. In the presence of these
inhibitors, both kainate (EC50 = 23 µM) and
glutamate (EC50 = 310 µM) evoked desensitizing currents. Maximal peak currents for kainate with GYKI
53655 were 15 ± 3% as large as in control solutions without GYKI. In contrast to currents mediated by AMPA receptors, kainate currents recorded in GYKI were blocked potently by lanthanum
(IC50 = 2 µM) and were desensitized by 1 µM 2S,4R-4-methylglutamate (SYM 2081). Coapplication of either 5 µM AMPA or 500 µM aspartate had little effect on responses to kainate,
although AMPA alone elicited current at 1 mM. In most
cells, the currents evoked by kainate, glutamate, and SYM 2081 varied
linearly with membrane potential and reversed near 0 mV. Kainate
elicited substantial current at steady state (~30% of peak), whereas
responses to glutamate and SYM 2081 desensitized almost completely
within 0.2-2 sec. Inhibition produced by a 10 sec desensitizing
prepulse was half-maximal at 0.22 µM for SYM 2081 and 13 µM for glutamate. Recovery from desensitization to
kainate and glutamate was >80% complete within 60 sec but was three-
to fourfold slower after exposure to SYM 2081. Exposure to Concanavalin
A blocked desensitization of the currents but also reduced the peak
current amplitudes. Collectively, these results confirm that
kainate-preferring receptors underlie the currents evoked by kainate,
glutamate, or SYM-2081 in the presence of GYKI 53655; they are not
mediated by electrogenic transport or by AMPA-preferring receptors that
are insensitive to GYKI. In contrast to previous work on embryonic
hippocampal neurons, our results show that the properties of kainate
receptors expressed by cells from older animals are distinct from those displayed by homomeric assemblies of the GluR6 subunit.
Key words:
AMPA receptors;
lanthanum;
SYM 2081;
GYKI 53655;
glutamate;
Concanavalin A
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