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Volume 17, Number 9, Issue of May 1, 1997 pp. 3038-3051
Copyright ©1997 Society for NeuroscienceENC-1: A Novel Mammalian Kelch-Related Gene Specifically Expressed in the Nervous System Encodes an Actin-Binding Protein
Received Oct. 1, 1996; revised Feb. 5, 1997; accepted Feb. 14, 1997.
Maria-Clemencia Hernandez1, Pedro J. Andres-Barquin1, Salvador Martinez3, Alexandro Bulfone2, John L.R. Rubenstein2, and Mark A. Israel1 1 Preuss Laboratory of Molecular Neuro-Oncology and Department of Neurological Surgery and 2 Nina Ireland Laboratory for Developmental Neurobiology and Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Francisco, California 94143, and 3 Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, University of Murcia, 30100 Murcia, Spain
We have identified and characterized a novel murine gene, Ectoderm-Neural Cortex-1 (ENC-1), that is an early and highly specific marker of neural induction in vertebrates. ENC-1, which encodes a kelch family related protein, is expressed during early gastrulation in the prospective neuroectodermal region of the epiblast and later in development throughout the nervous system (NS). ENC-1 expression is highly dynamic and, after neurulation, preferentially defines prospective cortical areas. The only apparent expression of ENC-1 outside the NS is restricted to the rostral-most somitomere of the presomitic mesoderm, at the times corresponding to the epithelialization that precedes somite formation. Cellular expression of epitope-tagged ENC-1 shows extensive co-localization of ENC-1 with the actin cytoskeleton, and immunoprecipitation studies demonstrate a physical association between ENC-1 and actin. ENC-1 functions as an actin-binding protein that may be important in the organization of the actin cytoskeleton during neural fate specification and development of the NS.
Key words: ENC-1; kelch repeats; epiblast; nervous system; actin; neuron
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