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The Journal of Neuroscience, May 15, 1998, 18(10):3943-3954
Retrograde Amnesia for Facts and Events: Findings from Four
New Cases
Jonathan M.
Reed1 and
Larry R.
Squire1, 2, 3
Departments of 1 Psychiatry and
2 Neurosciences, University of California, San Diego, La
Jolla, California 92093, and 3 Veterans Affairs Medical
Center, San Diego, California 92161
Two patients with presumed hippocampal formation lesions and two
patients with more extensive temporal lobe damage, all of whom became
amnesic in a known year, were given tests of anterograde and retrograde
memory function. The two patients with hippocampal formation lesions
had moderately severe anterograde amnesia and limited retrograde
amnesia for facts and events that affected, at most, the decade
preceding the onset of amnesia. Content analysis could not distinguish
the autobiographical recollections of the patients from the
recollections of control subjects. The two patients with more extensive
temporal lobe damage had severe anterograde amnesia and extensive
retrograde memory loss for both facts and events. The results suggest
that whether retrograde amnesia is temporally limited or very extensive
depends on whether the damage is restricted to the hippocampal
formation or also involves additional temporal cortex.
Key words:
retrograde amnesia; anterograde amnesia; hippocampal
formation; medial temporal lobe; autobiographical memory; fact
memory
Copyright © 1998 Society for Neuroscience 0270-6474/98/18103943-12$05.00/0
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