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The Journal of Neuroscience, July 15, 1998, 18(14):5403-5414
Localized Sources of Neurotrophins Initiate Axon Collateral
Sprouting
Gianluca
Gallo and
Paul C.
Letourneau
University of Minnesota, Department of Cell Biology and
Neuroanatomy, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455
The sprouting of axon collateral branches is important in the
establishment and refinement of neuronal connections during both
development and regeneration. Collateral branches are initiated by the
appearance of localized filopodial activity along quiescent axonal
shafts. We report here that sensory neuron axonal shafts rapidly sprout
filopodia at sites of contact with nerve growth factor-coated
polystyrene beads. Some sprouts can extend up to at least 60 µm
through multiple bead contacts. Axonal filopodial sprouts often
contained microtubules and exhibited a debundling of axonal
microtubules at the site of bead-axon contact. Cytochalasin treatment
abolished the filopodial sprouting, but not the accumulation of actin
filaments at sites of bead-axon contact. The axonal sprouting response
is mediated by the trkA receptor and likely acts through a
phosphoinositide-3 kinase-dependent pathway, in a manner independent of
intracellular Ca2+ fluctuations. These findings
implicate neurotrophins as local cues that directly stimulate the
formation of collateral axon branches.
Key words:
sprouting; NGF; neurotrophin; collateral branch; actin; cytoskeleton
Copyright © 1998 Society for Neuroscience 0270-6474/98/18145403-12$05.00/0
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