 |
|||||
|
|||||
|
|||||
|
|||||
|
|||||
Previous Article | Next Article
The Journal of Neuroscience, August 1, 1998, 18(15):5901-5907
DOPA Decarboxylase Activity in Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder Adults. A [Fluorine-18]Fluorodopa Positron Emission Tomographic Study
Monique Ernst, Alan J. Zametkin, John A. Matochik, Peter H. Jons, and Robert M. Cohen Laboratory of Cerebral Metabolism, National Institute of Mental Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892
Converging evidence implicates the dopaminergic system and the prefrontal and nigrostriatal regions in the pathophysiology of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Using positron emission tomography (PET) with [fluorine-18]fluorodopa (F18-DOPA), we compared the integrity of the presynaptic dopaminergic function between 17 ADHD adults and 23 healthy controls. The ratio of the isotope concentration of specific regions to that of nonspecific regions reflects DOPA decarboxylase activity and dopamine storage processes. Of three composite regions (prefrontal cortex, striatum, and midbrain), only the prefrontal cortex showed significantly different F18-DOPA ratios in ADHD as compared with control adults (p < 0.01). The medial and left prefrontal areas were the most altered (lower F18-DOPA ratios by 52 and 51% in ADHD as compared with controls). Similarly, the interaction [sex × diagnosis] was significant only in the prefrontal cortex (p < 0.02): lower ratios in men than in women in ADHD and vice versa in controls. These findings suggest that a prefrontal dopaminergic dysfunction mediates ADHD symptoms in adults and that gender influences this abnormality. On the basis of previous neuroimaging findings in ADHD showing discrepant findings in adults and adolescents and on evidence for midbrain dopaminergic defect in adolescents, we hypothesize that the prefrontal dopaminergic abnormality in ADHD adults is secondary and results from an interaction of the primary subcortical dopaminergic deficit with processes of neural maturation and neural adaptation.
Key words: prefrontal cortex; nigrostriatal pathways; presynaptic dopaminergic function; attention deficit hyperactivity disorder; gender; neurodevelopment; PET; (F18)fluorodopa
Copyright © 1998 Society for Neuroscience 0270-6474/98/18155901-07$05.00/0
This article has been cited by other articles:
T. Sigi Hale, S. K. Loo, E. Zaidel, G. Hanada, J. Macion, and S. L. Smalley
Rethinking a Right Hemisphere Deficit in ADHD
J Atten Disord, July 1, 2009; 13(1): 3 - 17.
[Abstract] [PDF]
B. D. Kiluk, S. Weden, and V. P. Culotta
Sport Participation and Anxiety in Children with ADHD
J Atten Disord, May 1, 2009; 12(6): 499 - 506.
[Abstract] [PDF]
M. D. Ohlmeier, K. Peters, B. T. T. Wildt, M. Zedler, M. Ziegenbein, B. Wiese, H. M. Emrich, and U. Schneider
Comorbidity of Alcohol and Substance Dependence with Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD)
Alcohol Alcohol., March 7, 2008; (2008) agn014v1.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
G. Bush, T. J. Spencer, J. Holmes, L. M. Shin, E. M. Valera, L. J. Seidman, N. Makris, C. Surman, M. Aleardi, E. Mick, et al.
Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging of Methylphenidate and Placebo in Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder During the Multi-Source Interference Task
Arch Gen Psychiatry, January 1, 2008; 65(1): 102 - 114.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
O. D. HOWES, A. J. MONTGOMERY, M. ASSELIN, R. M. MURRAY, P. M. GRASBY, and P. K. McGUIRE
Molecular imaging studies of the striatal dopaminergic system in psychosis and predictions for the prodromal phase of psychosis
The British Journal of Psychiatry, December 1, 2007; 191(51): s13 - s18.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
T. Sigi Hale, S. Bookheimer, J. J. McGough, J. M. Phillips, and J. T. McCracken
Atypical Brain Activation During Simple & Complex Levels of Processing in Adult ADHD: An fMRI Study
J Atten Disord, September 1, 2007; 11(2): 125 - 139.
[Abstract] [PDF]
N. D. Volkow, G.-J. Wang, J. Newcorn, F. Telang, M. V. Solanto, J. S. Fowler, J. Logan, Y. Ma, K. Schulz, K. Pradhan, et al.
Depressed Dopamine Activity in Caudate and Preliminary Evidence of Limbic Involvement in Adults With Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder
Arch Gen Psychiatry, August 1, 2007; 64(8): 932 - 940.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
K. K. S. Voeller
Attention-Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD)
J Child Neurol, October 1, 2004; 19(10): 798 - 814.
[Abstract] [PDF]
B Toone
Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder in adulthood
J. Neurol. Neurosurg. Psychiatry, April 1, 2004; 75(4): 523 - 525.
[Full Text] [PDF]
C. M. Anderson, A. Polcari, S. B. Lowen, P. F. Renshaw, and M. H. Teicher
Effects of Methylphenidate on Functional Magnetic Resonance Relaxometry of the Cerebellar Vermis in Boys With ADHD
Am J Psychiatry, August 1, 2002; 159(8): 1322 - 1328.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
H.S. Crofts, J.W. Dalley, P. Collins, J.C.M. Van Denderen, B.J. Everitt, T.W. Robbins, and A.C. Roberts
Differential Effects of 6-OHDA Lesions of the Frontal Cortex and Caudate Nucleus on the Ability to Acquire an Attentional Set
Cereb Cortex, November 1, 2001; 11(11): 1015 - 1026.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
E. J. Sproson, J. Chantrey, C. Hollis, C. A. Marsden, and K. C. F. Fone
Effect of repeated methylphenidate administration on presynaptic dopamine and behaviour in young adult rats
J Psychopharmacol, March 1, 2001; 15(2): 67 - 75.
[Abstract] [PDF]
H. K. Wayment, J. O. Schenk, and B. A. Sorg
Characterization of Extracellular Dopamine Clearance in the Medial Prefrontal Cortex: Role of Monoamine Uptake and Monoamine Oxidase Inhibition
J. Neurosci., January 1, 2001; 21(1): 35 - 44.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
W. G. Brake, R. M. Sullivan, and A. Gratton
Perinatal Distress Leads to Lateralized Medial Prefrontal Cortical Dopamine Hypofunction in Adult Rats
J. Neurosci., July 15, 2000; 20(14): 5538 - 5543.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
R. N. Cardinal, D. R. Pennicott, C. L. Sugathapala, T. W. Robbins, B. J. Everitt, and B. J. Everitt
Impulsive Choice Induced in Rats by Lesions of the Nucleus Accumbens Core
Science, June 29, 2001; 292(5526): 2499 - 2501.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|