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The Journal of Neuroscience, August 15, 1998, 18(16):6230-6240
Timing of Dense-Core Vesicle Exocytosis Depends on the
Facilitation L-Type Ca Channel in Adrenal Chromaffin Cells
Abdeladim
Elhamdani1,
Zhuan
Zhou2, and
Cristina
R.
Artalejo1
1 Department of Pharmacology, Wayne State University,
School of Medicine, Detroit, Michigan 48201, and
2 Department of Biology, University of Science and
Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230027, China
Secretion from dense-core vesicles is reputedly much slower than
that from typical synaptic vesicles, possibly because of noncolocalization of Ca channels and release sites. We reinvestigated this question by measuring the kinetics of catecholamine release in
chromaffin cells from calf and adult bovines. Amperometric recording
from calf chromaffin cells stimulated by action potentials exhibited
two latencies of secretion that depended on both the frequency of
stimulation and the pathway of Ca entry. Short-latency responses (<25
msec delay; "strongly coupled") appeared at low (0.25 and 1 Hz) and
high (7 Hz) frequencies and were entirely dependent on recruitment of
"facilitation" L-type Ca channels as revealed by nisoldipine
blockade. Long-latency responses (>25 msec delay; "weakly
coupled") were more apparent at higher frequencies (7 Hz) and were
substantially reduced by toxins that blocked N- and P-type Ca channels.
Ca current recordings revealed that adult bovine chromaffin cells lack
facilitation channels; virtually all secretion was weakly coupled in
these cells. The mean delay of the strongly coupled signal was ~3
msec after the peak of the action potential (at 24°C), indicating
that dense-core vesicles can exhibit a rate of exocytosis approaching
that occurring in neurons. Although other explanations are possible,
these results are consistent with the idea that facilitation Ca
channels are colocalized with release sites in calf chromaffin cells.
Calculations based on a model incorporating this assumption suggest
that these channels must be within 13 nm of secretory sites to account
for such rapid exocytosis.
Key words:
dense-core vesicles exocytosis; facilitation L-type Ca
channels; adrenal chromaffin cells; colocalization of Ca channels and
release sites; amperometric recording; catecholamine release
Copyright © 1998 Society for Neuroscience 0270-6474/98/18166230-11$05.00/0
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