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The Journal of Neuroscience, January 15, 1998, 18(2):601-609
Chronic Stage Multiple Sclerosis Lesions Contain a Relatively
Quiescent Population of Oligodendrocyte Precursor Cells
Guus
Wolswijk
Graduate School Neurosciences Amsterdam, Netherlands Institute for
Brain Research, 1105 AZ Amsterdam ZO, The Netherlands, and Ludwig
Institute for Cancer Research, London W1P 8BT, United Kingdom
In the past decade, considerable progress has been made in the
understanding of the biology of rodent oligodendrocyte precursor cells
and their role in the generation of oligodendrocytes in the developing
and adult rodent CNS. Much less is known about human oligodendrocyte
lineage cells and about the reasons for the failure of the regeneration
of the oligodendrocyte population during chronic stages of multiple
sclerosis (MS). In particular, the fate of the oligodendrocyte
precursor population in MS has remained elusive. The present study
examined the possibility that oligodendrocyte regeneration ultimately
fails because of the local destruction of both oligodendrocytes and
their precursor cells. Analysis of chronic stage MS tissue suggested
that this is not the case, because all chronic MS lesions studied
contained significant numbers of oligodendrocyte precursor cells,
identified as process-bearing cells that bound the O4 antibody but not
antibodies to GalC and GFAP. The oligodendrocyte precursor cells
appeared, however, to be relatively quiescent, because none expressed
the nuclear proliferation antigen recognized by the Ki-67 antibody, and
because most lesions lacked myelinating oligodendrocytes in their
centers. Thus, it appears that the regeneration of the oligodendrocyte
population fails during chronic stages of MS because of the inability
of oligodendrocyte precursor cells to proliferate and differentiate rather than because of the local destruction of all oligodendrocyte lineage cells. The identification of ways of stimulating the endogenous oligodendrocyte precursor population to expand and generate
remyelinating cells may represent an alternative to transplantation of
oligodendrocyte lineage cells to promote myelin repair in MS.
Key words:
demyelination; Ki-67; lesion; myelin; multiple sclerosis; O4 antibody; oligodendrocyte; precursor cell; regeneration; remyelination; tissue repair
Copyright © 1998 Society for Neuroscience 0270-6474/98/182601-09$05.00/0
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