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The Journal of Neuroscience, October 15, 1998, 18(20):8175-8185

Activity-Dependent Modulation of Glutamate Receptors by Polyamines

Derek Bowie¹, G. David Lange², and Mark L. Mayer¹

¹ Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Neurophysiology, National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, and ² Instrumentation and Computers Section, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892

The mechanisms by which polyamines block AMPA and kainate receptors are not well understood, but it has been generally assumed that they act as open-channel blockers. Consistent with this, voltage-jump relaxation analysis of GluR6 equilibrium responses to domoate could be well fit, assuming that spermine, spermidine, and philanthotoxin are weakly permeable open-channel blockers. Analysis of rate constants for binding and dissociation of polyamines indicated that the voltage dependence of block arose primarily from changes in k_off rather than k_on. Experiments with changes in Na concentration further indicate that the voltage dependence of polyamine block was governed by ion flux via open channels. However, responses to 1 msec applications of L-Glu revealed slow voltage-dependent rise-times, suggesting that polyamines additionally bind to closed states. A kinetic model, which included closed-channel block, reproduced these observations but required that polyamines accelerate channel closure either through an allosteric mechanism or by emptying the pore of permeant ions. Simulations with this model reveal that polyamine block confers novel activity-dependent regulation on calcium-permeable AMPA and kainate receptor responses.

Key words: polyamines; glutamate receptors; plasticity; channel block; kinetic analysis; AMPA; kainate; ion channel block; ionic mechanism

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Copyright © 1998 Society for Neuroscience  0270-6474/98/18208175-11$05.00/0

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