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The Journal of Neuroscience, October 15, 1998, 18(20):8322-8330
An Early Phase of Embryonic Dlx5 Expression Defines
the Rostral Boundary of the Neural Plate
Lu
Yang1, 2,
Hailan
Zhang1, 3,
Gezhi
Hu1, 3,
Hongyu
Wang1, 2,
Cory
Abate-Shen1, 3, and
Michael M.
Shen1, 2
1 Center for Advanced Biotechnology and Medicine, and
Departments of 2 Pediatrics and 3 Neuroscience
and Cell Biology, University of Medicine and Dentistry of New
Jersey-Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, Piscataway, New Jersey
08854
Relatively little is known about the molecular events that specify
the rostrocaudal axis of the neural plate. Here we show that a member
of the Distal-less (Dlx) homeobox gene
family, Dlx5, is one of the earliest known markers for
the most rostral ectoderm, before the formation of an overt neural
plate. During late gastrulation Dlx5 expression becomes
localized to the anterior neural ridge, which defines the rostral
boundary of the neural plate, and also extends caudolaterally, marking
the region of the presumptive neural crest. Subsequently,
Dlx5 is expressed in tissues (olfactory epithelium,
ventral cephalic epithelium) that are believed to derive from the
anterior neural ridge, based on the avian fate map. The early phase of
Dlx5 expression in the anterior neural ridge and its
derivatives is distinct from a later phase of expression in the ventral
telencephalon and diencephalon and also appears to be unique for
Dlx5 among members of the Dlx family.
Another distinctive feature of Dlx5 expression is the
occurrence of an alternative transcript ( Dlx5), which
encodes a truncated protein lacking the homeodomain, and represents a
significant fraction of total Dlx5 transcripts at all
embryonic stages that were examined. In contrast with full-length DLX5,
the DLX5 truncated protein is deficient in DNA-binding activity and
does not interact with the homeoprotein partner MSX1. Taken together,
our findings suggest that Dlx5 activity may be regulated
via the expression of an alternative transcript and demonstrate that
Dlx5 marks the anterior boundary of the neural
plate.
Key words:
homeobox gene; transcription factor; alternative
transcripts; anterior neural ridge; neural crest; forebrain
Copyright © 1998 Society for Neuroscience 0270-6474/98/18208322-09$05.00/0
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