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The Journal of Neuroscience, November 1, 1998, 18(21):8571-8579
-Conotoxin AuIB Selectively Blocks 3 4
Nicotinic Acetylcholine Receptors and Nicotine-Evoked Norepinephrine
Release
Siqin
Luo1,
Jennifer M.
Kulak1,
G. Edward
Cartier1,
Richard B.
Jacobsen1,
Doju
Yoshikami1,
Baldomero M.
Olivera1, and
J. Michael
McIntosh1, 2
Departments of 1 Biology and 2 Psychiatry,
University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah 84112
Neuronal nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs) with putative
3 4-subunits have been implicated in the mediation of signaling in
various systems, including ganglionic transmission peripherally and
nicotine-evoked neurotransmitter release centrally. However, progress
in the characterization of these receptors has been hampered by a lack
of 3 4-selective ligands. In this report, we describe the
purification and characterization of an 3 4 nAChR antagonist, -conotoxin AuIB, from the venom of the "court cone,"
Conus aulicus. We also describe the total chemical
synthesis of this and two related peptides that were also isolated from
the venom. -Conotoxin AuIB blocks 3 4 nAChRs
expressed in Xenopus oocytes with an IC50 of
0.75 µM, a kon of 1.4 × 106 min-1
M 1, a koff
of 0.48 min-1, and a
Kd of 0.5 µM. Furthermore,
-conotoxin AuIB blocks the 3 4 receptor with
>100-fold higher potency than other receptor subunit combinations,
including 2 2, 2 4, 3 2, 4 2, 4 4, and
1 1 . Thus, AuIB is a novel, selective probe for
3 4 nAChRs. AuIB (1-5 µM) blocks
20-35% of the nicotine-stimulated norepinephrine release from rat
hippocampal synaptosomes, whereas nicotine-evoked dopamine release from
striatal synaptosomes is not affected. Conversely, the
3 2-specific -conotoxin MII (100 nM)
blocks 33% of striatal dopamine release but not hippocampal
norepinephrine release. This suggests that in the respective systems,
3 4-containing nAChRs mediate norepinephrine release, whereas
3 2-containing receptors mediate dopamine release.
Key words:
nicotinic acetylcholine receptor; conotoxin; 3 4; norepinephrine; dopamine; hippocampus; striatum; synaptosomes; Xenopus oocytes
Copyright © 1998 Society for Neuroscience 0270-6474/98/18218571-09$05.00/0
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