 |
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
Previous Article | Next Article
The Journal of Neuroscience, December 15, 1998, 18(24):10502-10513
Randomized Retinal Ganglion Cell Axon Routing at the Optic Chiasm of GAP-43-Deficient Mice: Association with Midline Recrossing and Lack of Normal Ipsilateral Axon Turning
David W. Sretavan and Kelly Kruger Departments of Ophthalmology and Physiology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California 94143
During mammalian development, retinal ganglion cell (RGC) axons from nasal retina cross the optic chiasm midline, whereas temporal retina axons do not and grow ipsilaterally, resulting in a projection of part of the visual world onto one side of the brain while the remaining part is represented on the opposite side. Previous studies have shown that RGC axons in GAP-43-deficient mice initially fail to grow from the optic chiasm to form optic tracts and are delayed temporarily in the midline region. Here we show that this delayed RGC axon exit from the chiasm is characterized by abnormal randomized axon routing into the ipsilateral and contralateral optic tracts, leading to duplicated representations of the visual world in both sides of the brain. Within the chiasm, individual contralaterally projecting axons grow in unusual semicircular trajectories, and the normal ipsilateral turning of ventral temporal axons is absent. These effects on both axon populations suggest that GAP-43 does not mediate pathfinding specifically for one or the other axon population but is more consistent with a model in which the initial pathfinding defect at the chiasm/tract transition zone leads to axons backing up into the chiasm, resulting in circular trajectories and eventual random axon exit into one or the other optic tract. Unusual RGC axon trajectories include chiasm midline recrossing similar to abnormal CNS midline recrossing in invertebrate "roundabout" mutants and Drosophila with altered calmodulin function. This resemblance and the fact that GAP-43 also has been proposed to regulate calmodulin availability raise the possibility that calmodulin function is involved in CNS midline axon guidance in both vertebrates and invertebrates.
Key words: GAP-43; retinal ganglion cell; axon pathfinding; calmodulin; optic chiasm; optic tract; ventral diencephalon midline; growth cone signaling
Copyright © 1998 Society for Neuroscience 0270-6474/98/182410502-12$05.00/0
This article has been cited by other articles:
M. J. Albright, M. C. Weston, M. Inan, C. Rosenmund, and M. C. Crair
Increased Thalamocortical Synaptic Response and Decreased Layer IV Innervation in GAP-43 Knockout Mice
J Neurophysiol, September 1, 2007; 98(3): 1610 - 1625.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
C. Gauthier-Campbell, D. S. Bredt, T. H. Murphy, and A. E.-D. El-Husseini
Regulation of Dendritic Branching and Filopodia Formation in Hippocampal Neurons by Specific Acylated Protein Motifs
Mol. Biol. Cell, May 1, 2004; 15(5): 2205 - 2217.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
S. L. Donovan, L. A. Mamounas, A. M. Andrews, M. E. Blue, and J. S. McCasland
GAP-43 Is Critical for Normal Development of the Serotonergic Innervation in Forebrain
J. Neurosci., May 1, 2002; 22(9): 3543 - 3552.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
S. H. Mui, R. Hindges, D. D. M. O'Leary, G. Lemke, and S. Bertuzzi
The homeodomain protein Vax2 patterns the dorsoventral and nasotemporal axes of the eye
Development, January 2, 2002; 129(3): 797 - 804.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
Y. Shen, S. Mani, S. L. Donovan, J. E. Schwob, and K. F. Meiri
Growth-Associated Protein-43 Is Required for Commissural Axon Guidance in the Developing Vertebrate Nervous System
J. Neurosci., January 1, 2002; 22(1): 239 - 247.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
X. Mu, S. Zhao, R. Pershad, T.-F. Hsieh, A. Scarpa, S. W. Wang, R. A. White, P. D. Beremand, T. L. Thomas, L. Gan, et al.
Gene expression in the developing mouse retina by EST sequencing and microarray analysis
Nucleic Acids Res., December 15, 2001; 29(24): 4983 - 4993.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
G. Jeffery
Architecture of the Optic Chiasm and the Mechanisms That Sculpt Its Development
Physiol Rev, October 1, 2001; 81(4): 1393 - 1414.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
B. Petrausch, R. Tabibiazar, T. Roser, Y. Jing, D. Goldman, C. A. O. Stuermer, N. Irwin, and L. I. Benowitz
A Purine-Sensitive Pathway Regulates Multiple Genes Involved in Axon Regeneration in Goldfish Retinal Ganglion Cells
J. Neurosci., November 1, 2000; 20(21): 8031 - 8041.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
D. Frey, T. Laux, L. Xu, C. Schneider, and P. Caroni
Shared and Unique Roles of CAP23 and GAP43 in Actin Regulation, Neurite Outgrowth, and Anatomical Plasticity
J. Cell Biol., June 26, 2000; 149(7): 1443 - 1454.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
T. Laux, K. Fukami, M. Thelen, T. Golub, D. Frey, and P. Caroni
GAP43, MARCKS, and CAP23 Modulate PI(4,5)P2 at Plasmalemmal Rafts, and Regulate Cell Cortex Actin Dynamics through a Common Mechanism
J. Cell Biol., June 26, 2000; 149(7): 1455 - 1472.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
K. Chung, J. Taylor, D. Shum, and S. Chan
Axon routing at the optic chiasm after enzymatic removal of chondroitin sulfate in mouse embryos
Development, January 6, 2000; 127(12): 2673 - 2683.
[Abstract] [PDF]
F Zhang, C Lu, C Severin, and D. Sretavan
GAP-43 mediates retinal axon interaction with lateral diencephalon cells during optic tract formation
Development, January 3, 2000; 127(5): 969 - 980.
[Abstract] [PDF]
M. S. Deiner and D. W. Sretavan
Altered Midline Axon Pathways and Ectopic Neurons in the Developing Hypothalamus of Netrin-1- and DCC-Deficient Mice
J. Neurosci., November 15, 1999; 19(22): 9900 - 9912.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|