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The Journal of Neuroscience, February 1, 1998, 18(3):868-877
An Open Rectifier Potassium Channel with Two Pore Domains in
Tandem Cloned from Rat Cerebellum
Dmitri
Leonoudakis1,
Andrew T.
Gray1,
Bruce D.
Winegar1,
Christoph H.
Kindler1,
Masato
Harada1,
Donald M.
Taylor1,
Raymond A.
Chavez2,
John R.
Forsayeth2, and
C. Spencer
Yost1
1 Department of Anesthesia, University of California
San Francisco, San Francisco, California 94143-0542, and
2 Neurex Corporation, Menlo Park, California 94025
Tandem pore domain K+ channels represent a new
family of ion channels involved in the control of background membrane
conductances. We report the structural and functional properties of a
TWIK-related acid-sensitive K+ channel (rTASK), a
new member of this family cloned from rat cerebellum. The salient
features of the primary amino acid sequence include four putative
transmembrane domains and, unlike other cloned tandem pore domain
channels, a PDZ (postsynaptic density protein, disk-large, zo-1)
binding sequence at the C terminal. rTASK has distant overall homology
to a putative Caenorhabditis elegans
K+ channel and to the mammalian clones TREK-1 and
TWIK-1. rTASK expression is most abundant in rat heart, lung, and
brain. When exogenously expressed in Xenopus oocytes,
rTASK currents activate instantaneously, are noninactivating, and are
not gated by voltage. Because rTASK currents satisfy the
Goldman-Hodgkin-Katz current equation for an open channel, rTASK can
be classified an open rectifier. Activation of protein kinase A
produces inhibition of rTASK, whereas activation of protein kinase C
has no effect. rTASK currents were inhibited by extracellular acidity.
rTASK currents also were inhibited by Zn2+
(IC50 = 175 µM), the local anesthetic
bupivacaine (IC50 = 68 µM), and the
anti-convulsant phenytoin (~50% inhibition at 200 µM).
By demonstrating open rectification and open probability independent of
voltage, we have established that rTASK is a baseline potassium
channel.
Key words:
potassium channel; open rectifier; local anesthetics; pH; cloning; cerebellum; Xenopus oocyte; baseline channel
Copyright © 1998 Society for Neuroscience 0270-6474/98/183868-10$05.00/0
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F793 - F801.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
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M. T. Kunkel, D. B. Johnstone, J. H. Thomas, and L. Salkoff
Mutants of a Temperature-Sensitive Two-P Domain Potassium Channel
J. Neurosci.,
October 15, 2000;
20(20):
7517 - 7524.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
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J. E. Sirois, Q. Lei, E. M. Talley, C. Lynch III, and D. A. Bayliss
The TASK-1 Two-Pore Domain K+ Channel Is a Molecular Substrate for Neuronal Effects of Inhalation Anesthetics
J. Neurosci.,
September 1, 2000;
20(17):
6347 - 6354.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
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G. Czirják, T. Fischer, A. Spät, F. Lesage, and P. Enyedi
TASK (TWIK-Related Acid-Sensitive K+ Channel) Is Expressed in Glomerulosa Cells of Rat Adrenal Cortex and Inhibited by Angiotensin II
Mol. Endocrinol.,
June 1, 2000;
14(6):
863 - 874.
[Abstract]
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K. J Buckler, B. A Williams, and E. Honore
An oxygen-, acid- and anaesthetic-sensitive TASK-like background potassium channel in rat arterial chemoreceptor cells
J. Physiol.,
May 15, 2000;
525(1):
135 - 142.
[Abstract]
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F. Maingret, A. J. Patel, F. Lesage, M. Lazdunski, and E. Honore
Lysophospholipids Open the Two-pore Domain Mechano-gated K+ Channels TREK-1 and TRAAK
J. Biol. Chem.,
March 31, 2000;
275(14):
10128 - 10133.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
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Y. Kim, H. Bang, and D. Kim
TASK-3, a New Member of the Tandem Pore K+ Channel Family
J. Biol. Chem.,
March 24, 2000;
275(13):
9340 - 9347.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
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Y. Kim, H. Bang, and D. Kim
TBAK-1 and TASK-1, two-pore K+ channel subunits: kinetic properties and expression in rat heart
Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol,
November 1, 1999;
277(5):
H1669 - H1678.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
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F. Maingret, A. J. Patel, F. Lesage, M. Lazdunski, and E. Honore
Mechano- or Acid Stimulation, Two Interactive Modes of Activation of the TREK-1 Potassium Channel
J. Biol. Chem.,
September 17, 1999;
274(38):
26691 - 26696.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
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H. S. Ghai and L. T. Buck
Acute reduction in whole cell conductance in anoxic turtle brain
Am J Physiol Regulatory Integrative Comp Physiol,
September 1, 1999;
277(3):
R887 - R893.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
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M. Salinas, R. Reyes, F. Lesage, M. Fosset, C. Heurteaux, G. Romey, and M. Lazdunski
Cloning of a New Mouse Two-P Domain Channel Subunit and a Human Homologue with a Unique Pore Structure
J. Biol. Chem.,
April 23, 1999;
274(17):
11751 - 11760.
[Abstract]
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R. A. Chavez, A. T. Gray, B. B. Zhao, C. H. Kindler, M. J. Mazurek, Y. Mehta, J. R. Forsayeth, and C. S. Yost
TWIK-2, a New Weak Inward Rectifying Member of the Tandem Pore Domain Potassium Channel Family
J. Biol. Chem.,
March 19, 1999;
274(12):
7887 - 7892.
[Abstract]
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R. Reyes, F. Duprat, F. Lesage, M. Fink, M. Salinas, N. Farman, and M. Lazdunski
Cloning and Expression of a Novel pH-sensitive Two Pore Domain K+ Channel from Human Kidney
J. Biol. Chem.,
November 20, 1998;
273(47):
30863 - 30869.
[Abstract]
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J. E Sirois, J. J Pancrazio, C. Lynch III, and D. A Bayliss
Multiple ionic mechanisms mediate inhibition of rat motoneurones by inhalation anaesthetics
J. Physiol.,
November 1, 1998;
512(3):
851 - 862.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
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S. Rajan, E. Wischmeyer, G. Xin Liu, R. Preisig-Muller, J. Daut, A. Karschin, and C. Derst
TASK-3, a Novel Tandem Pore Domain Acid-sensitive K+ Channel. AN EXTRACELLULAR HISTIDINE AS pH SENSOR
J. Biol. Chem.,
May 26, 2000;
275(22):
16650 - 16657.
[Abstract]
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H. Bang, Y. Kim, and D. Kim
TREK-2, a New Member of the Mechanosensitive Tandem-pore K+ Channel Family
J. Biol. Chem.,
June 2, 2000;
275(23):
17412 - 17419.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
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C. M. B. Lopes, P. G. Gallagher, M. E. Buck, M. H. Butler, and S. A. N. Goldstein
Proton Block and Voltage Gating Are Potassium-dependent in the Cardiac Leak Channel Kcnk3
J. Biol. Chem.,
May 26, 2000;
275(22):
16969 - 16978.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
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F. Lesage, C. Terrenoire, G. Romey, and M. Lazdunski
Human TREK2, a 2P Domain Mechano-sensitive K+ Channel with Multiple Regulations by Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids, Lysophospholipids, and Gs, Gi, and Gq Protein-coupled Receptors
J. Biol. Chem.,
September 8, 2000;
275(37):
28398 - 28405.
[Abstract]
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A. J. Patel, F. Maingret, V. Magnone, M. Fosset, M. Lazdunski, and E. Honore
TWIK-2, an Inactivating 2P Domain K+ Channel
J. Biol. Chem.,
September 8, 2000;
275(37):
28722 - 28730.
[Abstract]
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S. Rajan, E. Wischmeyer, C. Karschin, R. Preisig-Muller, K.-H. Grzeschik, J. Daut, A. Karschin, and C. Derst
THIK-1 and THIK-2, a Novel Subfamily of Tandem Pore Domain K+ Channels
J. Biol. Chem.,
March 2, 2001;
276(10):
7302 - 7311.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
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M. E. Hartness, A. Lewis, G. J. Searle, I. O'Kelly, C. Peers, and P. J. Kemp
Combined Antisense and Pharmacological Approaches Implicate hTASK as an Airway O2 Sensing K+ Channel
J. Biol. Chem.,
July 6, 2001;
276(28):
26499 - 26508.
[Abstract]
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G. Czirjak and P. Enyedi
Formation of Functional Heterodimers between the TASK-1 and TASK-3 Two-pore Domain Potassium Channel Subunits
J. Biol. Chem.,
February 8, 2002;
277(7):
5426 - 5432.
[Abstract]
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J. A. Millar, L. Barratt, A. P. Southan, K. M. Page, R. E. W. Fyffe, B. Robertson, and A. Mathie
A functional role for the two-pore domain potassium channel TASK-1 in cerebellar granule neurons
PNAS,
March 28, 2000;
97(7):
3614 - 3618.
[Abstract]
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A. Barbuti, S. Ishii, T. Shimizu, R. B. Robinson, and S. J. Feinmark
Block of the background K+ channel TASK-1 contributes to arrhythmogenic effects of platelet-activating factor
Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol,
June 1, 2002;
282(6):
H2024 - H2030.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
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C. Terrenoire, I. Lauritzen, F. Lesage, G. Romey, and M. Lazdunski
A TREK-1-Like Potassium Channel in Atrial Cells Inhibited by {beta}-Adrenergic Stimulation and Activated by Volatile Anesthetics
Circ. Res.,
August 17, 2001;
89(4):
336 - 342.
[Abstract]
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