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The Journal of Neuroscience, February 1, 1998, 18(3):965-974
Presynaptic Localization of Kv1.4-Containing A-Type Potassium
Channels Near Excitatory Synapses in the Hippocampus
Edward C.
Cooper1,
Antonia
Milroy2,
Yuh Nung
Jan3,
Lily Yeh
Jan3, and
Daniel H.
Lowenstein1, 2
Departments of 1 Neurology, 2 Anatomy, and
3 Physiology and Biochemistry and Howard Hughes Medical
Institute, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco,
California 94143
Mammalian Shaker voltage-gated potassium channels
that contain the Kv1.4 subunit exhibit rapid activation and prominent
inactivation processes, which enable these channels to integrate brief
(approximiately milliseconds) depolarizations over time intervals of up
to tens of seconds. In the hippocampus, Kv1.4 immunoreactivity is
detected at greatest density in two regions: (1) the middle molecular
layer (MML), where perforant path axons synapse with dentate granule cells, and (2) the stratum lucidum (SL) of CA3, where the mossy fibers
travel in tight fasciculi and form en passante synapses onto CA3
pyramidal cells. We have studied the localization of Kv1.4 within these
regions in detail. First, we compared the distribution of Kv1.4 and
synaptophysin (a synaptic vesicle protein primarily localized near
termini) under confocal immunofluorescence microscopy. In the MML,
Kv1.4 and synaptophysin immunofluorescence appeared to overlap. In the
SL, however, Kv1.4 and synaptophysin staining was detected in
nonoverlapping, irregular patches (~5-10 µm in diameter).
Ultrastructural studies of these two regions revealed that Kv1.4
immunoreactivity was absent from the surface membranes of cell bodies
and dendrites and occurred prominently on axons, including axonal
"necks" near termini. Small excitatory synaptic boutons also were
labeled in the MML; by contrast, the mossy fiber synaptic expansions in
the SL were not stained. These localizations may enable
Kv1.4-containing channels to regulate the process of neurotransmitter
release at these excitatory synapses.
Key words:
voltage-gated potassium channel; mossy fiber; presynaptic
facilitation; Shaker; hippocampus; granule cells
Copyright © 1998 Society for Neuroscience 0270-6474/98/183965-10$05.00/0
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